Aluminium Alloy Series Daim Ntawv Qhia: 1xxx rau 8xxx piav qhia
Tus lej plaub tus lej ntawm tus lej tshwj xeeb ntawm txhuas tsis yog arbitrary. Thawj tus lej qhia koj txog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tsoo, thiab yog li ntawd feem ntau ntawm qhov koj yuav tsum paub txog yuav ua li cas cov hlau coj.
Kawm cov koob thiab koj tuaj yeem saib ntawm qib tsis paub thiab twv nws tus cwj pwm - seb nws puas yuav vuam, seb nws yuav corrode, seb nws puas tuaj yeem kho cua sov, thiab kwv yees tias nws muaj zog npaum li cas.
Series system ntawm ib nrais muag
| Ib yam dhau ib yam | Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb alloying | Thaum Tshav Kub Kub Kho | Corrosion kuj | Yam muaj zog |
| 1xxx ib | Tsis muaj - ≥99% aluminium | Tsis muaj | Zoo heev | Qi |
| 2xxx ib | Tooj | Yog lawm | pluag | Siab heev |
| 3xxx ib | Manganese | Tsis muaj | Zoo | Tsawg- nruab nrab |
| 4xxx ib | Silicon | Ib txhia | Zoo | Nruab nrab |
| 5xxx ib | Magnesium | Tsis muaj | Zoo heev | Nruab nrab |
| 6xxx ib | Magnesium + silicon | Yog lawm | Zoo | Nruab nrab-siab |
| 7xxx ib | Tooj dawb | Yog lawm | Ncaj ncees | Siab heev |
| 8xxx ib | Lwm (feem ntau Fe, Li, los yog foil tshwj xeeb) | Ntau yam | Ntau yam | Ntau yam |
1xxx - lag luam ntshiab txhuas
Kev sib xyaw: ≥99.00% aluminium, tsis txhob txwm tshaj tawm loj alloying ntxiv.
| Teem nqi | Kev coj dawb huv | Cim |
| 1050 | ≥99.50% | Zoo heev formability thiab conductivity; mos |
| 1060 | ≥99.60% | Me ntsis purer; Kev ua tiav zoo |
| 1070 | ≥99.70% | Siab purity |
| 1100 | ≥99.00% | Muaj zog me ntsis (minor Cu), kev ua haujlwm zoo heev |
| 1145 | ≥99.45% | Ntawv ci qib |
| 1235 | ≥99.35% | Ntawv nyiaj thiab ntim tau yooj yim |
Cim: mos, heev formable, zoo heev hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity, zoo heev corrosion kuj, tsis kub kho, Tsawg lub zog.
Siv rau: foil thiab ntim, Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj, hluav taws xob conductors thiab busbars, Cov Hluav Taws Xob Tshav Kub Kub, tob-draw cookware, Reflective thiab kho kom zoo nkauj daim ntawv thov, roj teeb tam sim no collector ntawv ci.
Xaiv 1xxx thaum koj xav tau conductivity, siab kawg formability, los yog corrosion kuj, thiab lub zog tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
2xxx - tooj
Kev sib xyaw: tooj liab raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntxiv (feem ntau 3-6%).
| Teem nqi | Tsab ntawv |
| 2024 | Classic aerospace alloy; siab zog, zoo qaug zog kuj |
| 2011 | Dawb-machining |
| 2014 / 2017 | High-strength forgings thiab structural |
Cim: kub kho tau, muaj zog heev, kev ua tau zoo qaug zog - tab sis tsis zoo corrosion kuj thiab feem ntau tsis zoo weldability. Feem ntau clad los yog pleev xim rau kev tiv thaiv.
Siv rau: aircraft qauv, aerospace forgings, high-strength machined qhov chaw, tub rog kho vajtse.
Caveat: feem ntau zam nyob rau hauv marine ib puag ncig thiab nyob rau hauv welded lug. Kuj anodizes tsis zoo - tsis haum rau hniav anodizing.
3xxx - manganese cov
Kev sib xyaw: manganese raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv (Feem ntau 1.0-1.5%).
| Teem nqi | Tsab ntawv |
| 3003 | General hom phiaj 3xxx alloy |
| 3004 | Siab zog; haus tau lub cev |
| 3105 | Cov khoom tsim vaj tsev, vov tsev, txoj yas |
Cim: tsis kub kho, lub zog nruab nrab (kwv yees 20% zog tshaj 1xxx), zoo heev formability thiab weldability, zoo corrosion kuj.
Siv rau: Cov tais diav, cov kaus poom dej haus, Cov Hluav Taws Xob Tshav Kub Kub, roofing thiab siding, Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj, General Sheet Ua Haujlwm.
4xxx - silicon
Kev sib xyaw: silicon raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntxiv.
Cim: txo qhov melting point, txhim kho fluidity. Feem ntau siv raws li welding thiab brazing muab tub lim es tsis yog cov khoom wrought. Qee qib 4xxx tuaj yeem kho tau; 4xxx fillers yog siv nrog 6xxx puag hlau.
Siv rau: welding hlau thiab brazing muab tub lim (4043, 4047), qee qhov pistons thiab hnav-resistant daim ntaub ntawv.
5xxx - magnesium
Kev sib xyaw: magnesium raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv (Feem ntau 0.5-5.5%).
| Teem nqi | Magnesium | Tsab ntawv |
| 5005 | 0.5-1.1% | Architectural anodizing alloy |
| 5052 | 2.2-2.8% | General marine thiab sheet hlau alloy |
| 5083 | 4.0-4.9% | Cov qauv marine; lub zog siab tshaj |
| 5086 | 3.5-4.5% | Marine thiab siab nkoj |
| 5754 | 2.6-3.6% | Automotive thiab general |
| 5182 | 4.0-5.0% | Dej haus tuaj yeem xaus |
Cim: tsis kub kho, nruab nrab-rau-siab zog los ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntxiv dag zog, zoo heev corrosion kuj nrog rau marine, Zoo heev Weldability, zoo formability nyob rau hauv softer tempers.
Siv rau: marine structures thiab nkoj tsim, lub cev tsheb, siab, Daim ntawv thov cryogenic, Panels, kos npe, lub poom mov ua noj, tuaj yeem xaus.
Xaiv 5xxx thaum koj xav tau corrosion kuj ntxiv rau weldability. Qhov no yog marine thiab thauj series.
6xxx - magnesium thiab silicon
Kev sib xyaw: magnesium thiab silicon, Mg₂Si, uas ua rau lub series kub kho.
| Teem nqi | Tsab ntawv |
| 6061 | General-purpose structural alloy |
| 6063 | Architectural extrusion; zoo heev anodizing |
| 6082 | European structural sib npaug; dav siv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe |
| 6005 / 6005A | Cov txheej txheem extrusion |
Cim: kub kho tau (T6 yog qhov mob), nruab nrab-rau-siab zog, zoo corrosion kuj, lub tshuab zoo, zoo weldability (txawm tias lub zog poob rau hauv qhov chaw weld), zoo heev extrudability.
Siv rau: structural seem thiab extrusion, architectural thav duab thiab kab hlau rhuav phab ntsa, Tej yam siv tsheb kho tsheb, tsheb kauj vab ncej, machined qhov chaw, kav dej, marine fittings.
Xaiv 6xxx thaum koj xav tau lub tshav kub kho, tshuab tau, extrudable structural alloy nrog zoo txhua yam khoom. 6061 yog lub feem ntau siv aluminium alloy nyob rau hauv general engineering.
7xxx - zinc
Kev sib xyaw: zinc raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntxiv, feem ntau nrog magnesium thiab tooj liab.
| Teem nqi | Tsab ntawv |
| 7075 | Siab tshaj-lub zog ntau aluminium alloy; aerospace |
| 7005 | Weldable, siv nyob rau hauv lub tsheb kauj vab thiab maus taus ncej |
| 7050 / 7150 | Aerospace phaj thiab forgings |
Cim: kub kho tau, lub zog siab tshaj plaws muaj nyob rau hauv wrought aluminium, tab sis ncaj ncees-rau-tsis zoo corrosion kuj thiab feem ntau tsis zoo weldability (nrog kev zam xws li 7005).
Siv rau: aircraft qauv, high-stress aerospace Cheebtsam, cov khoom ua kis las zoo, kev siv tub rog.
Caveat: susceptible to stress corrosion cracking nyob rau hauv ib co tempers; anodizes tsis zoo; feem ntau tsis xaiv rau kev pabcuam marine.
8xxx — lwm yam
Ib tug ntes-tag nrho series rau alloys tsis them rau lwm qhov. Hauv ntawv ci, cov qib 8xxx yog cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
| Teem nqi | Cim | Siv |
| 8011 | Al-Fe-Si | Lub workhorse ntim ntawv ci alloy - tsev ntawv ci, thawv ntawv ci, PTP Pharmaceutical Lidding, lub raj mis caps |
| 8021 | Al-Fe-Si, qis heev Si | Cold-form pharmaceutical foil, high-barrier laminates |
| 8079 | Al-Fe-Si, qis Si/Mn | High-barrier zaub mov thiab tshuaj ntawv ci, nyias-gauge laminates |
| 8006 | Al-Fe-Mn | Ntim thiab ntim ntawv ci |
| 8090 / 8xxx Li qib | Aluminium-lithium | Aerospace, tsawg ceev |
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv 8xxx foil qib yog purity ntawm cov khoom me. 8011 tso cai ntau silicon thiab manganese, ua kom muaj zog thiab pheej yig dua. 8021 thiab 8079 txwv lawv, muab ductility zoo dua, tsawg dua pinholes thiab zoo dua barrier - uas yog vim li cas lawv yog siv rau txias forming thiab high-barrier daim ntaub ntawv.
Nyeem ntawv temper designations
Lub ntsiab lus tom qab qib qhia txog kev kho mob:
| Lub ntsiab lus | Lub ntsiab lus |
| F | Raws li fabricated |
| O | Annealed - softest, siab kawg formability |
| H | Lim hardened (nrog tus lej thib ob rau degree, thiab tej zaum ib feem peb rau stabilization) |
| H 1 x | Lim hardened nkaus xwb |
| H 2 x | Lim hardened thiab ib nrab annealed |
| H3x ua | Strin hardened thiab stabilized |
| H12 / H14 / H16 / H18 | Lub quarter / ib nrab / peb lub hlis twg / tag nrho nyuaj |
| H32 / H34 | Strin hardened thiab stabilized - marine tempers |
| T | Thermally kho (kub kho) |
| T4 | Tshuaj kho thiab muaj hnub nyoog |
| T5 | Txias los ntawm kev sib sau thiab cov hnub nyoog artificially |
| T6 | Cov tshuaj kho thiab cov hnub nyoog artificially - ncov lub zog |
| T651 | T6 ntxiv rau kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ncab |
Lus ceeb toom: rau cov hlau tsis kub-kho tau (1xxx ib, 3xxx ib, 5xxx ib) koj tsuas pom O thiab H tempers xwb. Rau tshav kub-kho alloys (2xxx ib, 6xxx ib, 7xxx ib) koj yuav pom T tempers.
Kev qhia ceev ceev
| Yog tias koj xav tau… | Ib yam dhau ib yam | Hom qib |
| Maximum formability los yog conductivity | 1xxx ib | 1050, 1060 |
| Ntim ntawv, lub hom phiaj dav dav | 8xxx ib | 8011 |
| High-barrier los yog txias-form ntawv ci | 8xxx ib | 8079, 8021 |
| General ntawv hlau, lub zog nruab nrab | 3xxx ib | 3003 |
| Marine corrosion kuj | 5xxx ib | 5052 |
| Cov qauv marine | 5xxx ib | 5083 |
| General qauv, tshuab tau | 6xxx ib | 6061 |
| Architectural extrusion, anodizing | 6xxx ib | 6063 |
| Lub zog siab tshaj plaws | 7xxx ib | 7075 |
| Aerospace qauv | 2xxx ib / 7xxx ib | 2024, 7075 |
FAQ
Thawj tus lej ntawm qib aluminium txhais li cas? Qhov tseem ceeb alloying element: 1 = ntshiab, 2 = tooj, 3 = manganese, 4 = silicon, 5 = magnesium, 6 = magnesium + silicon, 7 = zinc, 8 = lwm yam.
Qhov twg aluminium series muaj zog tshaj? 7xxx ib (zinc), coj los ntawm 7075, muab lub zog siab tshaj plaws hauv wrought aluminium. 2xxx ib (tooj liab) kuj muaj zog heev.
Qhov twg series muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj? 1xxx and 5 xxx. 5xxx ib (tshwj xeeb 5052, 5083, 5086) combines corrosion kuj nrog pab tau zog, uas yog vim li cas nws dominates marine ua hauj lwm.
Tag nrho cov txhuas tuaj yeem kho cua sov? Tsis muaj. 2xxx ib, 6xxx thiab 7xxx yog cov cua sov kho tau. 1xxx ib, 3xxx thiab 4xxx tsis yog - lawv tau txais lub zog tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav (H kub).
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm 6061 thiab 6063? 6061 yog ib tug dav structural alloy nrog ntau zog thiab zoo machinability. 6063 yog architectural extrusion alloy nrog zoo deg tiav thiab superior anodizing teb.
Yog vim li cas 8011, 8021 thiab 8079 txhua yam siv rau ntawv ci? Txhua yam yog Al-Fe-Si alloys, tab sis lawv txawv li cas nruj me ntsis cov ntsiab lus txwv. 8011 tso cai ntau silicon thiab manganese - muaj zog dua, pheej yig dua. 8021 thiab 8079 yog purer - ntau ductile, tsawg dua pinholes, kev thaiv zoo dua.
T6 txhais li cas? Kev daws cov cua sov kho tom qab ntawd cov hnub nyoog ua kom muaj zog tshaj plaws. Nws tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kho cua sov.
Yam alloy kuv yuav tsum xaiv rau vuam? 5xxx ib (5052, 5083) welds zoo tshaj plaws thiab khaws lub zog zoo li-welded. 6xxx welds tau txais tab sis poob lub zog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam kub-tshem tawm. 2xxx thiab 7xxx feem ntau tsis zoo.
Tsis paub meej yam uas koj xav tau?
Xa koj daim ntawv thov rau peb, huab cua, txoj kev fabrication thiab lub zog yuav tsum tau. Peb yuav pom zoo rau cov koob thiab qib - thiab qhia rau koj yog tias cov khoom siv pheej yig dua yuav ua txoj haujlwm.