Ngalaba aluminom na njiri mara
Nkewa nke aluminom sara mbara dị ka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche dị na efere aluminom, Enwere ike kewaa efere a aluminom 9 edemede, nke ahụ bụ, enwere ike kewaa ya 9 usoro. Ihe ndị a bụ mmeghe nke usoro.
1.1000 usoro na-anọchi anya 1050 1060 1070 1000 usoro aluminum A na-akpọkwa efere dị ka efere aluminom dị ọcha, n'etiti usoro niile, 1000 usoro sitere na usoro na usoro aluminium kacha. Ịdị ọcha nwere ike iru karịa 99.00%. N'ihi na ọ nweghị ihe ndị ọzọ teknụzụ ndị ọzọ, Usoro mmepụta ahụ dịtụ mfe ma na ọnụahịa dịtụ ọnụ ala. Ọ bụ usoro a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nzukọ ugbu a. Imirikiti mgbasa nke ugbu a n'ahịa bụ 1050 na 1060 usoro. Ọdịmma a aluminom nke 1000 A na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ abụọ dị ka ọnụọgụ abụọ ikpeazụ Arabic. Ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụ abụọ nke Arabic nke 1050 usoro dị iche iche 50. Dabere na International Brand Ahang, ọdịnaya aluminom aghaghi iru 99.5% ma ọ bụ karịa iji tozuo ngwaahịa. Aluminium aluminom mba (GB / T388-2006) na-egosikwa nke ọma na ọdịnaya aluminom nke 1050 kwesịrị iru 99.5%. N'otu ụzọ ahụ, ọdịnaya aluminom nke 1060 usoro olu aluminom ga-iru karịa 99.6%.
2.2000 usoro olu aluminom na-anọchi anya 2A16 (Ly16) 2A06 (Ly6) 2000 E ji ihe eji eme ihe ike, Otu n'ime ọdịnaya ọla kọpa kachasị elu, maka 3-5%. Nke 2000 usoro olu aluminom bụ nke availom alumilom, nke a na-anaghị ejikarị ya na ụlọ ọrụ nzukọ ugbu a. Ugbu a, Enwere ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ole na ole na-emepụta 2000 usoro a aluminom na obodo anyị. Enweghi ike iji ogo ya na mba ndị ọzọ. Ugbu a, a na-ebubata akwa alumini nke ndị South Korea na ndị German na-emepụta. Na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ Aerospace Mba, teknụzụ mmepụta nke 2000 A ga-eme ka usoro ihe ndị a ga-eme.
Ato. 3000 usoro olu aluminom na-anọchite anya 3003 3003 3A21 tumadi. Enwere ike ịkpọ ya mmanụ. Usoro mmepụta nke 3000 usoro olu aluminom na obodo m dị oke ọnụ. Nke 3000 usoro olu aluminom bu nke a maninese. Ọdịnaya dị n'etiti 1.0-1.5. Ọ bụ usoro iji ọgwụ mgbochi. Gburugburu na gburugburu iru mmiri dịka ikuku ikuku, friji, na n'okpuru, Ọnụahịa ahụ dị elu karịa 1000. Ọ bụ ihe na-ejikarị usoro alloy.
Ano. Nke 4000 A na-anọchi anya ọnụọgụ abụọ nke 4a01 4000 usoro olu aluminom, nke dị na usoro nwere ọdịnaya silicon dị elu. Ọ na-abụkarị ihe dị n'etiti silicon dị n'etiti 4.5-6.0%. Ọ bụ ihe eji eme ihe, akụkụ ndị mebere, Ichefu ihe, Winding Ihe; na-agbaze na-agbaze, Nkọwapụta Ngwaahịa dị mma: O nwere njirimara nke iguzogide okpomoku na-eyi iguzogide.
5. Nke 5000 usoro aluminum plete bụ nke a na-ejikarị akara ugwọ allioy, Isi ihe dị mkpa bụ magnesium, na ọdịnaya magnesium dị n'etiti 3-5%. Enwere ike ịkpọ ya aluminom-magnesium alloy. Isi ihe dị ala dị ala, Ike dị elu tensile ike na nke dị elu. N'otu mpaghara ahụ, ịdị arọ nke aluminom-magnesium alloy dị ala karịa usoro ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, A na-ejikarị ya na ụgbọ elu, dị ka ụgbọ elu mmanụ ụgbọ elu. A na-ejikwa ya na ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ. Nhazi nhazi na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na mpịakọta, nke so na usoro nke efere aluminom na-ekpo ọkụ, Yabụ enwere ike iji ya maka nhazi. Na obodo m, oseihe nwoke 5000 usoro olu aluminom bụ nke otu n'ime usoro ihe ndị ọzọ.
6. Nke 6000 usoro na-anọchi anya 6061, nke kachasị nwere ihe abụọ nke magnesium na silicon, ya mere uru nke 4000 usoro na 5000 A na-elekwasị anya n'usoro. 6061 bụ a aluminom a aluminom na-ajụ oyi, Kwesịrị ekwesị maka ngwa chọrọ nguzogide na-eguzogide na nguzogide nkewa. Ezigbo ọrụ, ezigbo njiri mara, mkpuchi dị mfe, Ezigbo Nhazi. Enwere ike iji ya na ngwa agha na-ejikọ ụgbọ elu. Njirimara General nke 6061: ezigbo njiri mara, mkpuchi dị mfe, ike dị elu, ezigbo ọrụ, na nguzogide corrosion. Na-eji ya 6061 aluminom: Akụkụ ụgbọ elu, akụkụ igwefoto, di na nwunye, ngwa nri na ngwaike, Ngwa elektrọniki na nkwonkwo, ngwaike mara mma ma ọ bụ ihe dị iche iche, Isi okwu, ndọta isi, pistons pictons, pydraulic pistons, Ngwa eletriki, valves na valves .
Asaa. Nke 7000 usoro na-anọchi anya nke ahụ 7075 tumadi nwere zinc. Ọ bụ nke averation usoro. Ọ bụ aluminom-magnium-zinc-carper alloy. Ọ bụ alloy-agwọ ọrịa. Ọ bụ nke Suminium aluminom ma nwee ezigbo iyi iguzogide. Nke buru ibu 7075 Achịcha Aluminom bụ ihe niile, Kedu nke nwere ike ịgba mbọ hụ na ọ dịghị ihe mgbu na adịghị ọcha. Oke ikuku nke 7075 efere aluminom nwere ike belata usoro ma melite arụmọrụ ọrụ. Ihe ndị bụ isi bụ na ihe siri ike dị elu. 7075 bụ ihe siri ike, Umu-ike alloy di elu, nke a na-ejikarị emepụta ọrụ ụgbọ elu na ọdịnihu. Ọ chọrọ akụkụ dị elu nke na-enwe nrụgide na akpa na-arụpụta ya na ike dị elu na nguzosi ike corsion. Ugbu a dabere na mbubata, Nkà na ngalaba mmepụta obodo m kwesịrị imeziwanye.
8. Ihe a na-ejikarị 8000 usoro dị iche iche 8011, nke diri usoro ndi ozo. A na-ejikwa efere aluminom bụ nke ọrụ bụ iji mee ka karama mara karama, Ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ aluminom aluminom. Abụghị nke a na-ejikarị ya.
Aluminom na alloys
1. Aluminom dị ọcha
Aluminom (aluminom, aluminom) a na-eji ntụpọ dị ala nke 2.72G / cm3, nke bụ naanị ihe 1/3 nke njupụta nke ígwè ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa. Ezigbo eletriki na ikuku, Nke abụọ naanị maka ọla ọcha na ọla kọpa. Ngwongwo kemịkal nke aluminom na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Ikuku, Aluminum nwere ike ikpokọta na oxygen iji mepụta ihe nkiri Al2O3 iji gbochie nha nha nke aluminom. Ya mere, aluminom nwere ezigbo nguzogide na ikuku na mmiri, Ma aluminom anaghị eguzogide acid, alukali, na sorrosion nnu.
Aluminom nwere ihu igwe nke ihu, ezigbo plastinity (D = 50%, = 80%), enwere ike ịhazi ya na wires, efere efere efere efere efere efere efere. efere, waks, Pipes na profaịlụ ndị ọzọ site na nhazi nrụgide oyi ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ, Ma ike adịghị elu, σB = 80MPA , Mgbe oge oyi na-arụ ọrụ, σb = (150 ~ 250) MPa. Ya mere, A na-ejikarị aluminom dị ọcha, icheku, radiators, ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ alloys nke chọrọ igwe anaghị agba nchara, iguzogide corrosion, na ike dị ala.
Umumuum dị ọcha (Aluminom di ọcha) adịghị ọcha dị ka kemịkal dị ọcha, Ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe ma ọ bụ obere (dị ka fe, Na, wdg.). Ndị na-adịghị ala ala dị na aluminom, belata eletriki eletrik, thermal conductivity, ikuku na-eguzogide na plastinity.
A na-ejikọ akara ule nke aluminom dị ọcha nke China, dị ka l1, L2, L3… L bụ Finyin Purx nke Okwu “aluminom”, na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke na-eme, obere ịdị ọcha.
2. Aluminom alloy
Ike nke aluminom di ocha di ala, Yabụ na ọ dịghị mma maka ihe owuwu. Iji meziwanye ike ya, Wayzọ kachasị dị irè bụ ịgbakwunye ihe ị na-eme, dị ka si, Ku, Mg, Mn, wdg., Iji mee almuminum alloy (aurolite). Aluminum a niile nwere ike dị elu na njupụta dị ala, Karịsịa ike dị elu (nke ahụ bụ, nke ike ike iji nweta njupụta) na ezigbo ihe ọkụkụ na nguzogide corrosion.
(1) Nhazi nke aluminom
Dabere na ihe mejupụtara na usoro mmepụta nke almunium alloys, A ga-ekewa alloys aluminom: Alumium alloys na-emebi emebi.
Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ mgbe alloy na ihe ndị mejupụtara na-erughị D / Point nwere ike ịme otu ihe owuwu, Ọ nwere ezigbo plastinity ma dị mma maka nhazi nrụgide, ya mere a na-akpọ ya alloy. Ọ bụrụ na ihe mejupụtara aluminom na-emebi emebi na-erughị fint, Ihe mejupụtara ya na ngwọta ya siri ike anaghị agbanwe agbanwe na mgbanwe okpomọkụ, N'ihi na enweghị ike ime ka ọgwụgwọ dị ike sie ike, A na-akpọ ya allumin alloy nke na-agaghị eme ka ọ ghara iru ala site na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ; Ihe mejupụtara nke alloy n'etiti f na d /, Ngwọta ya siri ike ọ na-agbanwe na mgbanwe nke ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, Yabụ na ọ ga-ewusi ya ike site na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ, ya mere a na-akpọ ya almunum alloy nke enwere ike wusie ya ike site na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ. Alloys na ihe mejupụtara D / isi nwere obere ihe dị ala, ezigbo mmiri, ma dịkwa mma maka nkedo. A na-akpọ ha nke ọma alloys aluminom, Mana ha adabaghị maka nhazi nrụgide.
Enwere ike kee alloys aluminom na-emebi emebi na alumisrum, agusdu, Super Wanalumin na Wralumin dị ka njiri mara arụmọrụ ha si dị.
A ga-ekekwa alloys aluminom: Al-si, Al-c, Al-mg, Al-Zn, wdg. Dabere na ihe eji eme ihe.
(2) Ndumodu gwọọ Ọgwụ nke Aluminum Alloy
Aluminom alloy enweghị ike ọ bụghị naanị na-eme ka ike ya dịkwuo mma site na mmezi ya na-efe efe, Mana ọzọkwa ka ọ dịkwuo mma site na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ – “Afọ Ọgwụ” nka imeihe.
Usoro ọgwụgwọ ọkụ nke aluminom alloy dị iche na nke steel. Mgbe ha mechara, Ihe siri ike na ike nke nchara ahụ, Ọ bụ ezie na rọk plastik belatara. Agbanyeghị, alluminom alumino nke ihe mejuputara di n'etiti f na d / a na-ewe iwe na mpaghara α, nọgidere na-ekpo ọkụ, na mmiri na-ajụ oyi ma gbazee, Enwere ike inweta ihe ngwọta α nwere ike inweta na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ike na isi enweghị ike ịmụba ozugbo, Ma plastinity a kara aka nke ukwuu. A na-akpọ usoro a ma ọ bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ. Ebe ọ bụ na usoro siri ike na-enwetara mgbe a ga-enwe ike ịhapụ ya, E nwere ọchịchọ ị ga-eme nke abụọ (Na-ewusi ike). Mgbe enịm n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ ruo oge ma ọ bụ kpoo okpomọkụ, Atọm nwere ikike ịkwaga na lattice ma jiri nwayọ gbanwee ya na steeti kwụsiri ike, na-ebute mmụba dị ukwuu na ike na isi ike na mbelata na plastinity. Ihe omume na alloy na alloy mgbe a na-esikwuwanye ike ka oge na-aga “igbaume Ememe” ma ọ bụ “Afọ Ọgwụ”. A na-akpọ ka ị na-aga n'ihu na ime ụlọ, na ịka nká n'okpuru ikpo oku na-akpọ keakamere ịka nká.
(3) Ntinye aluminom
1. Anti-star aluminom alloy
Ihe dị mkpa na-eme ka ihe dị mma bụ mn na mg. Kinddị alloy a bụ otu oge - usoro siri ike mgbe ị gbaghasịrị ma na-egbu egbu, Yabụ na ọ nwere ezigbo nguzogide na ezigbo plastinity. Dị ka lf5, Lf11, Lf21, wdg. A na-eji ụdị alloy a maka ịtụgharị, ịgbado ọkụ, ma ọ bụ akụkụ na-eguzogide usoro nke nwere obere ibu, dị ka tankị mmanụ, Iri, wires, Ọkpụkpụ ọkụ na-enwu enwu, na ngwa dị iche iche dị ndụ.
Kindsdị aluminom alumimus niile bụ aluminom alloys nke na-enweghị ike ime ka ọ dị ike site na ọgwụgwọ ọkụ. Iji mee ka ike nke alloy, Enwere ike ịhazi ya site na nrụgide oyi, nke nwere ike iwepụta ike.
2. Almuminum siri ike
Duraluminium bụ isi nke a al-cu-mg alloy na nwere obere ego nke mn. Ụdị rarialinium niile nwere ike ime ka ahụ sie ike, Ma ha na-eguzogide ha na-emegide ya bụ ogbenye, Karịsịa n'oké osimiri, a na-echebe akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa na mpụga nke aluminom dị elu iji mee ka aluminom-cralumin.
Uzo Aluminom Na-eji FRIX PINYINE “Kemfe” nke “aluminom siri ike” na nọmba usoro, dị ka ly1 (rivet siri ike aluminom), Ly11 (Aluminum siri ike) na ly12 (Aluminum siri ike).
Duralumin bụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ na ike dị elu, na-ejikarị ya na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu na-arụ ọrụ.
3. Super ike aluminom (Sd alloy)
Ọ bụ al-cru-mg-zn alloy, nke emere nke na-agbakwunye zn na ndabere nke Duralumin. Typedị alloy a bụ ugbu a aluminom kachasị ike na ike dị elu, ya mere, a na-akpọ ya Super Duralumin. Ọdịmma ahụ bụ na nguzogide corrosion dara ogbenye, Enwere ike ịbawanye okpomoku ma ọ bụ aluminom nwere ike ịbawanye.
Ọkwa nke suminium aluminom na-egosi site n'aka ndị China premix “L” nke “Na Chao” gbakwunyere nọmba nọmba. Dị ka lc4, LC6, wdg., a na-ejikarị emepụta ihe dị mkpa na nrụgide dị elu, dị ka ụgbọ elu.
4. Wrasara allumin alloy
Ọ bụ al-cu-mg-si alloy. Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ọtụtụ ụdị ihe, ọdịnaya nke ihe ọ bụla dị obere, Yabụ na ọ nwere ezigbo ikuku na corrosion iguzogide, na ike ya dị ka nke Duralumin. Enwere ike ịmụbawanye ike ma ọ bụrụ na ịka nká.
Ọkwa nke aluminom na-egosi site na ndị ọzọ na Chinese Pirxin “Ld” nke “aluminom na-agbaghara” Gụnyere Nọmba Nọmba, dị ka ld5, Ld7, wdg. N'ihi ezigbo nke ọma, A na-ejikarị eme ihe maka mmehie ma ọ bụ ịnwụfu nke na-ebu ibu dị ukwuu na ụgbọ elu ma ọ bụ disel.
(4) Alominum alloy (Alominum alloy)
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị aluminom. N'etiti ha, aluminom-silicon alloys nwere ezigbo ihe onwunwe, Ike zuru oke, na njupụta dị ala, ma a na-ejikarị ya, na-aza ajụjụ karịa 50% nke ngụkọta nke a almumim aluminom. Na (10-13)% Al-si alloy bụ ụdị aluminom-silicon alloy, nke sitere na ihe mejupụtara eutectic, a na-akpọkarị ya “silicon aluminom”.
Ọkwa nke ahịhịa ndụ nke ndị China na-anọchi anya ọkwa “Zhu” + Al + Ihe nnọchianya dị iche iche na pasent ọdịnaya. Ọmụmaatụ, Zalsi12 na-anọchite anya al-si-sil 12% Na. Ederede Koodu nke Alloy nke Chinese Pirxin Pirx “Zl” nke “Aluminom” gbakwunye nọmba atọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ na-egosi ụdị alloy, na mkpụrụ nke abụọ na nke atọ na-egosi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke alloy. Ihe atụ ZL102 na-anọchi anya. 2 Al-Sip a allunom alloy.
A na-ejikarị alloys a na-eme ka akụkụ ya na ibu dị ọkụ, iguzogide corrosion, Okirikiri dị mgbagwoju anya na ụfọdụ akụrụngwa.