Aluminom Alloy 6061: Nkọwa nka nka zuru oke yana ntuziaka ngwa
Dị ka ọkachamara aluminom na-ebubata na mbupụ nke dabere na Bandung, anyị na-agba mbọ ịnye ndị ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ ihe ndị dị elu nke aluminom na-agbaso ụkpụrụ mba ụwa. Aluminom Alloy 6061 bụ otu n'ime akara ule kacha ewu ewu na nke a na-ejikarị na isi mbupụ ngwaahịa Pọtụfoliyo anyị. Edemede a na-enye mmeghe teknụzụ zuru oke na Aluminom Alloy 6061, na-enyere gị aka inweta nghọta miri emi nke akụrụngwa, nkọwa, na ngwa nke a “vasatail aluminum alloy.”
1. Nlebanya Alloy na Njirimara Metallurgical
Ezinụlọ Alloy: 6061 bụ nke usoro Al-Mg-Si nke aluminom alloys na-eme ka okpomọkụ na-edozi.
Usoro ike nke izizi:mg₂Si
Ọkọlọtọ iwe:T6 (A na-agwọta ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ wee mee agadi) bụ ọnọdụ a na-enyekarị.
Ụdị Ọkọlọtọ Mba Nile:
- China: 6061 (Gb / t 3190)
- USA: 6061 (ASTM B221, ASTM B211)
- Iroopu: NA AW-6061 (N'ime 573)
- Japan: A6061 (HE H4000)
2. Nchịkọta ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ zuru ezu
The chemical mejupụtara nke 6061 aluminom alloy na-achịkwa nke ọma iji hụ na arụmọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
| Ihe | Ọdịnaya ọdịnaya (%) | Ọrụ na Mmetụta |
|---|---|---|
| Silikoni (Na) | 0.40-0.80 | Na-eji magnesium mepụta usoro ike Mg₂Si, ike na-abawanye. |
| Ígwè (Fe) | ≤0.70 | Mmebi iwu, A ghaghị ịchịkwa ọdịnaya. |
| Ọla kọpa (Ku) | 0.15-0.40 | Na-akwalite ike na nguzogide corrosion. |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤0.15 | Na-anụcha nhazi ọka, na-eme ka ike dịkwuo mma. |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 0.80-1.20 | Na-eji silicon na-etolite usoro mgbake mbụ Mg₂Si. |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.04-0.35 | Na-achịkwa nhazi ọka, na-eme ka nguzogide corrosion dịkwuo mma. |
| Zink (Zn) | ≤0.25 | Mmebi iwu, A ghaghị ịchịkwa ọdịnaya. |
| Tibanium (Nke) | ≤0.15 | Na-anụcha nhazi ọka, na-eme ka ihe nkedo dị mma. |
| Ihe ndị ọzọ | ≤0.05 (otu n'ime) ≤0.15 (kemgbakota) |
– |
| Aluminom (Al) | Itule | Igwe ala. |
3. Njirimara anụ ahụ na igwe zuru oke
Njirimara anụ ahụ:
- Njupụta: 2.70 g/cm³ (Ihe ruru. 1/3 nke ígwè)
- Oke agbaze: 582-652Celsius C
- Ikike okpomoku zuru oke: 896 J /(kg·K) na 20 Celsius C
- Coefficitation nke mgbasa ikuku: 23.6×10⁻⁶/K (20-100Celsius C)
- Nrụpụta okpomọkụ: 167 W /(M ·) (T6 iwe)
- Eletriki echiche: 40-50% Eacs (International Ancoved Clop Standard)
- Modul nke Elasticity: 68.9 GPA
- Raisson's's's: 0.33
Ihe eji arụ ọrụ (Ụkpụrụ ahụkarị maka iwe iwe T6):
| Ngwongwo | Uru bara uru | Standard Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Ike ọdụdọ (Rm) | 310-380 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
| Mpụta Ike (Rp0.2) | 276-345 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
| Ogologo oge (A50mm) | 10-17% | ASTM E8/E8M |
| Isi ike | 95-100 HB | ASTM E10 |
| Ike Ike ọgwụgwụ | 96 MPa (5× 10⁸ okirikiri) | – |
| Ike Shear | 207 MPa | – |
4. Nkọwa zuru ezu nke iwe ọkụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ
6061 aluminum alloy nwere ike nweta ihe ndị a chọrọ site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị iche iche:
| Nhọpụta iwe ọkụ | Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ | Njirimara isi | Ngwa a na-ahụkarị |
|---|---|---|---|
| T4 | Ngwọta okpomoku-emeso ya na ndammana agadi. | Ike na-adịghị mma, ezi formability. | Akụrụngwa chọrọ nhazi ọzọ. |
| T6 | Ngwọta a na-agwọ ọkụ ma mee agadi. | Ike dị elu, ezigbo arụmọrụ n'ozuzu ya. | Akụkụ akụkụ, akụrụngwa akụrụngwa. |
| T651 | Ngwọta okpomọkụ-emeso, na-ebelata nrụgide site na ịgbatị, na arụrụ arụ ọrụ. | E wepụrụ nrụgide, magburu onwe akụkụ kwụsie ike. | Akụkụ ndị arụpụtara nke ọma. |
| T6511 | Na-ebelata ntakịrị nchekasị site na ịgbatị. | Mbelata nrụgide fọdụrụnụ, mma flatness. | Mpempe akwụkwọ dị obere, nkenke components. |
| O | Annealed. | Juu, magburu onwe formability. | Akụrụngwa chọrọ nhazi miri emi. |
5. Ụdị ngwaahịa na nkọwa ọkọlọtọ
Anyị na-enye 6061 aluminum n'ụdị dị iche iche iji gboo mkpa nhazi dị iche iche.
Profaịlụ aluminom (Ebupụrụ):
- Opekempe Ofe-Nha: Dayameta okirikiri ruo 250mm.
- Oke ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi: 0.8mm-12mm (dabere na imewe).
- Ogologo: Standadi 6 mize, nhazi.
- Nkwenye: Soro ASTM B221.
Mpempe akwụkwọ aluminom / eriri igwe:
- Udi okpukpo: 0.3mm - 150 mm.
- Oke obosara: 500mm - 2500 mm.
- Emecha elu elu: F (dị ka-mere), H112 (na-ekpo ọkụ-agwụ agwụ), O (keeji anya), T6/T651.
- Arịrịọ pụrụ iche: E wepụrụ nrụgide (agbatịla larịị) efere dị.
Aluminom Bar:
- Oke dayameta: φ5mm-φ500mm.
- Di iche: Gburugburu, square, hexagon.
- Iwe iwebata: T6, T6511, O.
- Ogo nnabata: Akpọrọ ọkụ, emegoro, nkenke adọtara.
Aluminom Tube/Pipe:
- Oke dayameta dị n'èzí: φ6mm-φ300mm.
- Oke ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi: 0.5mm-25mm.
- Ụdị: Enweghị ntụpọ, welded.
- Ụkpụrụ: Soro ASTM B210/B221.
6. Ngwongwo igwe na imepụta ihe
Ịrụ ọrụ:
- Nleba nke igwe: Ọ dị mma (Ihe ruru. 50% ikwu na Alloy 2011 gosiri na 100%).
- Ọsọ mgbụsị akwụkwọ akwadoro: Ngwa HSS 60-90 m / m, Ngwá ọrụ carbide 120-240 m / m.
- Emecha elu elu: Enwere ike nweta elu igwe arụ ọrụ dị mma.
Weldability:
- Gas Tungsten / Metal Inert Gas (TIG/ME) ịgbado ọkụ: Magburu onwe.
- Mgbado ọkụ na-eguzogide: Ọ dị mma.
- Mgbado ọkụ gas: A naghị atụ aro ya.
- Ọgwụgwọ mgbe e mesịrị weld: Enwere ike mekwaa ọkụ ọzọ iji weghachi ihe onwunwe.
- Ihe ndochi: 4043 ma ọ bụ 5356 aluminum welding waya.
Formability:
- Na-arụ ọrụ oyi: Ọ dị mma (Kasị mma na annealed -O iwe).
- Okpomọkụ Na-arụ ọrụ ọkụ: 370-480Celsius C.
- Rịọs Bend kacha nta: Odika 1-2 ugboro ihe ọkpụrụkpụ (dabere na iwe).
7. Nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ elu
Anyị nwere ike ịnye ma ọ bụ kwado ọgwụgwọ elu dị iche iche:
| Ụdị ọgwụgwọ | Nkọwa usoro | Mkpuchi mkpuchi / Mmetụta | Ụkpụrụ ọdabara |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anazizinye | Sulfuric acid anodizing, agba. | 5-25μm | MIL-A-8625, ISO 7599 |
| Mkpuchi Ntugharị Chemical | Chromate ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ na-enweghị chrome. | 0.3-1.0μm | MIL-DTL-5541 |
| Mkpuchi ntụ ntụ | Electrostatic ịgba na ime ọgwụgwọ. | 40-120μm | AMAMA 2604/2605 |
| Mgbawa aja/Mgbawa bead | Mechanical gbawara maka otu matte emecha. | Ọdịiche dị n'elu nwere ike ịchịkwa. | Nkọwapụta ndị ahịa. |
| Nchacha/ịcha ahịhịa | Mechanical ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ polishing. | Nchacha enyo ma ọ bụ ahịhịa. | Nkọwapụta ndị ahịa. |
8. Nguzogide corrosion na mma gburugburu ebe obibi
- Corrosion ikuku:Nguzogide dị mma, karịsịa na akọrọ na ime obodo.
- Nchegbu corrosion mgbawa (SCC) Susceptibility:Ezigbo nguzogide na iwe T6.
- Mmiri gburugburu:Nguzogide adịghị oke; budata mma mgbe anodizing.
- Acid/Alkali gburugburu:Na-eguzogide acid / alkalis na-adịghị ike; corrodes na ike acids/alkalis.
- Kpọtụrụ na ọla ndị ọzọ:Zenarị kọntaktị na ọla ndị yiri ya dị ka ọla kọpa, ígwè iji gbochie galvanic corrosion.
9. Njikwa ogo na asambodo
Anyị na-ahụ na mbupụ niile 6061 Aluminom Alloy na-agbaso ụkpụrụ ndị a:
Asambodo nke anụ:
- Asambodo Nnwale Mill (MTC) enyere maka ogbe ọ bụla.
- Ngwakọta kemịkalụ na-emezu ụkpụrụ achọrọ.
- Akuko nyocha ihe eji arụ ọrụ.
- Akuko nyocha nnabata nke akụkụ.
Traceability:
- Ndekọ ogbe mmepụta zuru ezu.
- Ihe ndekọ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.
- Edobere ndekọ nyocha na nyocha maka opekata mpe 10 afọ.
Asambodo nke atọ:
- Nyocha nke ndị ọzọ (E.G., SGS, BV, TUV) enwere ike ịhazi.
- Na-agbaso ntuziaka gburugburu dịka RoHS, rute.
- Asambodo pụrụiche enyere maka arịrịọ ndị ahịa.
10. Ụkpụrụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa na mbupu
Anyị na-enye nkwakọ ngwaahịa ọkachamara iji hụ na ịdị mma ngwaahịa n'oge mbupu mba ụwa.
| Ụdị ngwaahịa | Usoro mbukota ọkọlọtọ | Nchekwa Pụrụ Iche | Achọrọ akara |
|---|---|---|---|
| Profaịlụ/Ogwe | Kechie na waterproof akwụkwọ, jikọtara na osisi ikpe ma ọ bụ ígwè racks. | Okpu ngwụcha, akwụkwọ na-egbochi mmiri. | Akara mbupu, nkọwapụta, ibu, ogbe mba. |
| Ibé akwụkwọ / Efere | Osisi pallets, kewapụrụ site na akwụkwọ mgbochi nchara, ígwè eriri. | Ihe nchebe ihu, desiccant. | Ebuli akara, akara na-emebi emebi. |
| Akụkụ nkenke | Crates osisi omenala, ntinye ụfụfụ, ọgwụgwọ mgbochi nchara. | VCI akwụkwọ, onye wrapping. | “Akụkụ a Up” akara, etiti akara ike ndọda. |
11. Okwu Ngwa zuru ụwa ọnụ
Nke anyi 6061 Aluminom Alloy ejirila nke ọma mee ihe na ọrụ dị iche iche nke mba ụwa:
Ahịa Europe:
- Onye na-emepụta akụkụ ụgbọ ala German: Ihe arụrụ arụ maka trays batrị EV.
- Ụlọ ọrụ Ngwá Ọrụ Ịtali: Ụgbọ okporo ígwè na braket dị elu nke igwe.
- Onye na-emepụta igwe kwụ otu ebe Dutch: Tubing maka okpokolo agba igwe igwe aluminom dị elu.
Ahịa America:
- US Aerospace Tier-2 Supplier: Akụkụ nhazi ime ụgbọ elu.
- Ụlọ ọrụ Canadian Solar: Ihe owuwu sistemu mgbago fotovoltaic.
- Ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ Brazil: Ihe profaịlụ usoro mgbidi ákwà mgbochi.
Ahịa Asia:
- Ụlọ ọrụ Electronics Japanese: Frames maka akụrụngwa semiconductor.
- Onye na-ebunye akụrụngwa mmiri nke Korea: Akụkụ nhazi ụgbọ mmiri.
- Ụlọ ọrụ ngwaọrụ ahụike Singapore: Chassis maka akụrụngwa ahụike.
Ahịa Oceania:
- Onye na-emepụta ihe na-egwuputa ihe n'Australia: Akụkụ akụrụngwa dị arọ.
- Ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ azụ New Zealand: Akụkụ ihe owuwu maka ụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ.
12. Nhọrọ ihe na ndụmọdụ imewe
Mgbe ịhọrọ 6061 Aluminom Alloy:
- Na-achọ oke ike na ịdị arọ dị mma.
- Na-achọ ezigbo machinability na weldability.
- Na-achọ nguzogide corrosion na-agafeghị oke.
- Ọnụ ahịa bara uru bụ ihe dị mkpa.
- Na-achọ ọgwụgwọ elu dị ka anodizing.
Mgbe ị ga-atụle Alloys ndị ọzọ:
- Achọrọ ike dị elu: Tụlee 7075 ma ọ bụ 2024.
- Achọrọ nguzogide corrosion ka mma: Tụlee 5052 ma ọ bụ 5083.
- Mkpa ka mma formability: Tụlee 3003 ma ọ bụ 1100.
- Achọrọ ịrụ ọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu: Tụlee usoro 2xxx.
Atụmatụ imewe:
- Opekempe gbagọ agbagọ akwadoro bụ 1.5-2 ugboro ihe ọkpụrụkpụ.
- A na-ebelata ike na mpaghara welded; tụlee nkwado kwesịrị ekwesị.
- Gbaa mbọ hụ na ịgbasa ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị n'oge ị na-arụ ọrụ iji zere ihe na-ekpo oke ọkụ.
- Gbaa mbọ hụ na ihicha ya nke ọma na ihicha ya tupu emee ya.
Anyị ghọtara na ịhọrọ ihe aluminom ziri ezi dị oke mkpa maka ihe ịga nke ọma nke ngwaahịa gị. Aluminom Alloy 6061, ya na arụmọrụ ya zuru oke na oke ọnụ ahịa, bụ otu n'ime nhọrọ kachasị ewu ewu na nrụpụta ụwa. Na mgbakwunye na 6061, anyị na-enye ndị ọzọ aluminum alloy usoro, na nsonye 5000 na 7000 usoro, iji gboo mkpa ngwa dị iche iche.
Anyị nwere ike inye:
- Mpempe akwụkwọ data teknụzụ zuru ezu (TDS) yana akwụkwọ data nchekwa ihe (MSDS).
- Ihe nlele efu maka nnwale na nkwenye gị.
- Nkà na ụzụ ndụmọdụ maka gị kpọmkwem ngwa.
- Ntụ aka FOB/CIF asọmpi.
- Ọnụ ahịa kacha nta na-agbanwe agbanwe (Ebe ananto) na ọrụ nhazi.
Maka ozi ndị ọzọ, ịrịọ sample, ma ọ bụ iji kparịta ihe ị chọrọ, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ ndị otu ahịa mba ofesi anyị. Anyị na-enye nkwado ọtụtụ asụsụ iji hụ na nkwurịta okwu dị mma ma ga-akwado nkọwapụta ihe kacha dabara adaba, tempers, na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dabere na ngwa gị.