Nsogbu na usoro mmezi nke mkpuchi mkpuchi brittleness na ọgwụ Aluminom foil
Aluminom foil ọgwụ bụ ihe dị mkpa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa ọgwụ, A na-eji ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na nkwakọ ngwaahịa blister maka ụdị ọgwụgwọ siri ike yana akara nke arịa infusion n'ihi ihe mgbochi ya dị mma., akara arụmọrụ, na nchekwa. Ogo nke mkpuchi na-emetụta kpọmkwem nkwụsi ike nchekwa, nchekwa ojiji, na nnabata nkwakọ ngwaahịa ọgwụ. Mkpuchi brittleness, otu n'ime ntụpọ àgwà kachasị mma na mmepụta na ntinye nke ọgwụ aluminom ọgwụ, ọ bụghị naanị na-emebi arụmọrụ mgbochi, na-eduga absorption nke mmiri, oxidation, na mmetọ nke ọgwụ, mana nwekwara ike iwebata ihe egwu nchekwa n'ihi mwepu nke mpempe mkpuchi.
1. Njiri mara nsogbu na ihe egwu dị na mkpuchi mkpuchi brittleness
1.1 Ụdị nke Brittleness
Brittleness na-apụtakarị dị ka mgbawa, nkewa, ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ nke mkpuchi na ọkwa dị iche iche, nke enwere ike ekewa n'ime ụdị atọ:
1.1.1 Brittleness n'oge mmepụta
Mgbawa dị n'elu na-apụta ozugbo mkpuchi na ọgwụgwọ, ma ọ bụ brittleness na-apụta na nsọtụ n'oge slitting ma ọ bụ ikuku n'ihi esemokwu.
1.1.2 Ọkụkụ n'oge Nchekwa na Ụgbọ njem
Nkịta na-apụta n'ihi mgbanwe okpomọkụ na iru mmiri ma ọ bụ nrụgide mpụga, nwere ike iso ya na mmebi mkpụrụ.
1.1.3 Brittleness n'oge eji
Ihe mkpuchi ahụ na-apụ ngwa ngwa, pirensu, ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-akwapụ n'ibé akwụkwọ mgbe a na-akụ ọnya ma ọ bụ imeghe onye ọrịa.
Dị ka General Rule 4055 nke Ndị China Pharmacopoeia2025 Mbipụta, nkuku ọkụ na-ebute ozugbo na ike mgbawa na-ada n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ achọrọ (≥98kp). Ihe nlele na-agbaji agbawa na-egosipụtakarị ike mgbawa n'okpuru 60 kpa, ebe ikuku mmiri na ikuku oxygen na-ebufe ọnụego na-adịkarị mfe karịa oke, na-emebi nchebe ọgwụ.
Okpokoro 1: Isi njirimara na mmetụta nke mkpuchi mkpuchi brittleness na ọgwụ Aluminom foil.
| Ọkwa nke Brittleness | Ụdị njirimara | Ihe ngosi mmetụta isi | Ihe ga-esi na ya pụta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Usoro mmepụta | Elu mgbawa mgbe mkpuchi; nsọtụ brittleness n'oge slitting / winding | Ike ịkụ, mkpuchi mkpuchi | Ọgbọ scrap ozugbo, ụba mmepụta ego |
| Nchekwa & Ụgbọ njem | Delamination, mgbawa, ichekwa mpaghara | Uzuoku nnyefe ọnụego, Oxyge Oxygen | Ọnwụ nke ihe mgbochi, na-eduga na mmịpụta mmiri na oxidation |
| Usoro ojiji | Ntụ ntụ n'oge ịkụ ọkpọ, akwa n'oge oghere | Ọdịdị, mkpuchi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe | Ihe ize ndụ nke iwebata okwu mba ọzọ, na-emetụta nchekwa ọgwụ na ahụmịhe onye ọrụ |
| Mmetụta nkịtị | Mkpuchi na-ezughị ezu, ntụpọ anya ma ọ bụ obere ihe | Ike ịkụ (ọtụtụ mgbe <60 kpa), ihe mgbochi arụmọrụ | Non-compliance with Ndị China Pharmacopoeiaụkpụrụ, ịkpalite ihe egwu nchịkwa |
1.2 Ihe ize ndụ ndị bụ isi nke Brittleness
1.2.1 Ihe ize ndụ Nchekwa ọgwụ
Iberibe mkpuchi nwere ike imerụ ọgwụ; ihe mgbochi belatara nwere ike iduga nnabata mmiri, oxidation, na nbibi, karịsịa na-emetụta ọkụ na-enwe mmetụta na ọgwụ hygroscopic. Nnyocha na-egosi na nkwakọ ngwaahịa nwere ntụpọ na-emebi emebi nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya mmiri ọgwụ site na nkezi 2.3% nsote 6 ọnwa nke nnwale ngwa ngwa (40Celsius C/75% RH), gafere ụkpụrụ pharmacopoeial.
1.2.2 Nrube isi na ihe egwu dị mma
Mkpuchi brittleness bụ nnukwu mma ntụpọ nke na-emezughị ụkpụrụ dị ka ndị Ndị China Pharmacopoeiana Aluminom Foil nke ọgwụ(YBB00152002-2015), nwere ike bute ọdịda ndebanye aha ngwaahịa, GMP audit non-conformity, ngwaahịa na-echeta, na ntaramahụhụ nchịkwa. Ebe ọ bụ na mmejuputa usoro nyocha nke metụtara ya, ihe dị ka 18% A kpochapụrụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta aluminom n'ihi nsogbu mkpuchi mkpuchi.
1.2.3 Ihe ize ndụ akụ na ụba na ika
Ọnụ ego mkpofu abawanyela na-ebuli ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ihe; ihe ndị dị mma na-emebi aha ụlọ ọrụ na mmekọrịta ndị ahịa. N'okpuru nrụgide nke usoro ịzụ ahịa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-adịghị mma na-eche ihu mpụ n'ahịa.
2. Ihe kpatara nyocha nke mkpuchi mkpuchi brittleness
Ihe na-akpata brittleness gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere akụrụngwa, usoro, pretreatment, na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, ha niile nwere njikọ.
Okpokoro 2: Isi ihe kpatara nyocha nke mkpuchi mkpuchi brittleness na Aluminom foil ọgwụ
| Akpata udi | Ihe ndị akọwapụtara | Usoro nke Omume | Typical Manifestations or Poor Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ndakọrịta ihe akụrụngwa ezughi oke | 1. Substrate mma ntụpọ | Mkpuchi na-enweghị isi, itinye uche nke nrụgide; adịghị mma adhesion | Ịdị ọcha dị ala, ndidi ọkpụrụkpụ >± 2μm, elu ofufe |
| 2. Nhọrọ resin na-ezighi ezi | Mgbanwe mkpuchi mkpuchi na-adịghị mma, elu brittleness | Okpomọkụ mgbanwe iko dị elu (>50Celsius C), sara mbara molekụla arọ nkesa | |
| 3. Ojiji mgbakwunye na-ezighi ezi | Mmụba nrụgide dị n'ime, adịghị mma ndakọrịta | Oke plasticizer na-ezighi ezi, nnukwu ihe mgbaze fọdụrụnụ | |
| Usoro mmepụta enweghị ezi uche | 1. Mkpuchi oke deviations | Ọkpụrụkpụ mkpuchi na-ezighi ezi, esịtidem nrụgide ọgbọ | Oke oke ọsọ, ọkpụrụkpụ deviation >± 3% |
| 2. Njikwa usoro ọgwụgwọ adịghị mma | Njupụta na-agafe agafe na-ezighi ezi, ike na-agbawa oke ma ọ bụ enweghị ike | Oge okpomọkụ/oge ezighi ezi, mkpughe UV na-enweghị isi | |
| 3. Mgbawa na ikuku na-ekwesịghị ekwesị | Nchekasị ihu ma ọ bụ nrụgide tensile na-aga n'ihu | Oke esemokwu, oke iwere ọsọ | |
| Ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ osisi ezughi oke | Ịdị ọcha na adịghị mma | Adhesion mkpuchi adịghị ike, na-adịkarị mfe delamination | Naanị ihichapụ dị mfe, ike elu <35 mN/m |
| Ihe na-akpata gburugburu ebe obibi | Mgbanwe oke okpomọkụ/ iru mmiri ma ọ bụ adịghị ọcha | Nchegbu okpomọkụ, adịghị mma ọgwụgwọ, mmeghe adịghị ọcha | Okpomọkụ <15Celsius C, iru mmiri >80%, uzuzu mmeru |
2.1 Ndakọrịta ihe akụrụngwa ezughi oke
2.1.1 Aluminom Foil Substrate ntụpọ
Substrates (E.G., 8011, 8021 alloys) na obere ịdị ọcha, elu adịghị ọcha, adịghị mma flatness, ma ọ bụ oke ọkpụrụkpụ ndidi (>± 2 μm) nwere ike iduga mkpuchi na-enweghị isi na nrụgide nrụgide. Mmanya dị n'elu ma ọ bụ akwa akwa oxide na-ebelata oke mkpuchi.
2.1.2 Nhọrọ resin mkpuchi na-ezighi ezi
Common resins (E.G., acrylic, polyurethane, Eva) na-adịghị mma mgbanwe, oke elu iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ (E.G., >50Celsius C), ma ọ bụ nkesa arọ molekụla sara mbara nwere ike ime ka ọ dị elu ka ọ gwọchara ya. Mgbanwe mgbaze mgbaze nke resin okpomọkụ-akara karịa ± 15% na-abawanye ihe egwu brittleness..
2.1.3 Ojiji mgbakwunye na-ezighi ezi
Ọnụ ego plasticizers na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, adịghị mma ndakọrịta n'etiti mgbakwunye na resins, na nnukwu ihe mgbaze nwere ike imetụta mkpuchi mkpuchi na mgbanwe mgbanwe, na-eduga na mgbawa.
2.2 Oke Usoro Mmepụta enweghị ezi uche
2.2.1 Mkpuchi Parameter Ndịiche
Njikwa na-ezighi ezi nke mkpuchi mkpuchi, okpurukpu, ma ọ bụ nrụgide agụba dọkịta nwere ike ime ka ọkpụrụkpụ mkpuchi na-ezighi ezi (ndiiche >± 3%). Ihe mkpuchi dị oke egwu na-enwekarị nrụgide dị n'ime n'ihi nkwụsị na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ, ebe mkpuchi dị oke mkpa adịghị etolite oyi akwa nchekwa zuru oke.
2.2.2 Njikwa Usoro ọgwụgwọ adịghị mma
Okpomọkụ dị oke elu ma ọ bụ ogologo oge na ọgwụgwọ ikuku dị ọkụ nwere ike ịfefe ihe mkpuchi ahụ, na-eme ka ọ sie ike; ezughị oke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ oge na-eduga na ọgwụgwọ ezughị ezu na ike dị ala. Ogologo UV na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ oge mkpughe nwere ike ime ka ọgwụgwọ na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ ikpo ọkụ mpaghara.
2.2.3 Mgbawa na ikuku na-adịghị mma
Ọsọ nke ukwuu ma ọ bụ mgbakasị ahụ nwere ike ịkpata mgbawa ihu; oke ikuku nke esemokwu na-etinye mkpuchi ahụ n'okpuru nrụgide tensile na-aga n'ihu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke ọma n'oge nchekwa.
2.3 Ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ osisi ezughi oke
Ịdị ọcha n'elu na-adịghị mma na adịghị ike na-emetụta oke mkpuchi mkpuchi. Nhicha elu na-enweghị mmebi kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ oxidation electrochemical na-ahapụ mmanụ na uzuzu, ebelata mkpuchi mkpuchi. Ezughị oke n'elu ala (ike elu <35 mN/m) na-egbochikwa ikpo mmiri zuru oke na ịgbasa mkpuchi.
2.4 Ihe na-akpata gburugburu ebe obibi
Okpomọkụ mmepụta n'okpuru 15 Celsius ma ọ bụ iru mmiri dị n'elu 80% nwere ike imetụta ọkwa mkpuchi na ọgwụgwọ nrụpụta. Mgbanwe okpomọkụ na iru mmiri dị ukwuu n'oge nchekwa na njem na-emepụta nrụgide okpomọkụ n'ihi enweghị ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ n'etiti foil na mkpuchi.. Mmetụta anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ mkpakọ nwere ike ịkpata mgbaji. Ebe mmepụta adịghị ọcha na-eme ka ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka uzuzu na-emepụta ihe mgbakasị ahụ, accelerating brittleness.
3. Process Improvement Measures for Coating Brittleness
Okpokoro 3: Ihe njikwa njikwa igodo maka nkwalite usoro nhụzi aluminom na-ere ọgwụ
| Mpaghara Mmelite | Oke njikwa | Oke/Ọkọlọtọ akwadoro | Ebumnuche njikwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ngwaọrụ | Mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ ndidi | N'ime ± 2μm | Gbaa mbọ hụ na mkpuchi n'otu |
| Substrate elu esemokwu | ≥31 mN/m | Gbaa mbọ hụ na mmiri dị mma | |
| Resin iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ (Tg) | 20-40Celsius C | Hazie mgbanwe na ike | |
| Mgbaze mgbaze index mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ-akara resin | ≤±10% | Gbaa mbọ hụ nkwụsi ike nke usoro | |
| Usoro mkpuchi | Oso mkpuchi mkpuchi | 10-15 m / m | Gbaa mbọ hụ na mkpuchi n'otu |
| Mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ edo edo | Ngbanwe ≤±3% | Zere itinye uche n'ime nrụgide | |
| Ibu mkpuchi mkpuchi | 2-5 g / m² | ||
| Usoro ọgwụgwọ | Okpomọkụ/oge na-agwọ ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ | 80-100Celsius C / 3-5 mine | Gbaa mbọ hụ na ị gafechara njikọ, zere brittleness |
| UV ọgwụgwọ ike/oge | 80-120 mJ/cm² / 1-2 s | ||
| Mkpụrụ osisi mkpụrụ osisi | Chemical degreasing (okpomọkụ / oge) | 50-60Celsius C / 1-2 mine | Wepu mmanụ nke ọma |
| Electrochemical oxidation (voltaji / oge) | 10-15 V / 30-60 s | Melite ike elu na ike ike | |
| Esemokwu elu elu ọgwụgwọ mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị | ≥35 mN/m | Gbaa mbọ hụ na adhesion mkpuchi dị elu | |
| gburugburu & Nchekwa | Mmepụta gburugburu ebe obibi okpomọkụ / iru mmiri | 20-25Celsius C / 50-60% 'Ny | Gbaa mbọ hụ nkwụsi ike nke usoro |
| Okpomọkụ/ iru mmiri gburugburu ebe nchekwa | 15-25Celsius C / ≤60% RH | Gbochie ịka nká na mmịpụta mmiri |
3.1 Na-ebuli nhọrọ na njikwa akụrụngwa akụrụngwa
3.1.1 Nhọrọ mkpụrụ osisi siri ike
Jiri ịdị ọcha dị elu, obere adịghị ọcha 8011/8021 alloys na ọkpụrụkpụ ndidi na-achịkwa n'ime ± 2 μm na elu esemokwu ≥31 mN / m. Maka ngwaahịa achọrọ dị elu, Enwere ike ịhọrọ mkpụrụ nwere ọkpụrụkpụ ≥0.030 mm, na pinhole ọnụego n'okpuru 0.1 kwa square mita.
3.1.2 Na-ebuli resin na nhọrọ mgbakwunye
Họrọ resins nwere okpomoku mgbanwe iko na-agafeghị oke (20-40 Celsius) na otu nkesa arọ molekụla. A na-atụ aro resins dabere na mmiri ma ọ bụ UV iji dochie ụdị ihe mgbaze. Mgbaze mgbaze index mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ-akara resins kwesịrị ịbụ ≤± 10%. Bulite usoro mgbakwunye, dị ka iji plasticizers na-emeziwanye mgbanwe na ihe ndị na-ejikọta silane iji kwalite nrapado, n'ịhụ na mgbakwunye ndakọrịta.
3.1.3 Ịmepụta usoro nyocha ihe akụrụngwa
Mee ka nyocha mbata dị ike, nlekota resin mgbanwe, nkesa arọ molekụla, substrate ịdị ọcha, isi ike, wdg., iji gbochie ihe ndị na-erughị eru ịbanye na mmepụta.
3.2 Na-ebuli oke Usoro Mmepụta
3.2.1 Njikwa Usoro mkpuchi nke ọma
Njikwa mkpuchi ọsọ na 10-15 m / min, nrụgide agụba dọkịta na 0.1-0.3 MPa, na mkpuchi ibu na 2-5 g/m², n'ịhụ nha nha nha nha nha ≤± 3%. Na-edobe akụrụngwa mgbe niile iji hụ na mkpuchi n'otu.
3.2.2 Na-ebuli oke usoro ọgwụgwọ
Ekwesịrị ijikwa ọgwụgwọ ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na 80-100 Celsius C maka nkeji 3-5 na otu ikuku ikuku nke 1-2 m / s.; UV ọgwụgwọ ike kwesịrị ịbụ 80-120 mJ / cm² maka 1-2 sekọnd.. Nyochaa ma mezie paramita ozugbo.
3.2.3 Na-emeziwanye usoro nkesa na ikuku
Ọsọ mwepu kwesịrị ịbụ 5-10 m / min, winding erughị ala na-achịkwa na 50–100 N na-eji ikuku erughị ala mgbe niile. Kwe ka ọnya ọnya zuru ike maka awa 24–48 iji hapụ nrụgide dị n'ime. Ekwesịrị ịchịkwa mgbanwe okpomọkụ na-ekpuchi ọkụ n'ime ± 1 ° C.
3.3 Usoro nhazi ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ osisi na-ewusi ike
Mee usoro ọgwụgwọ zuru oke nke “chemical degenreasing - mmiri rinsing - electrochemical oxidation - mmiri rinsing - ihicha.” Na-eweda ala (50-60°C, 1-2 nkeji) na-ewepụ mmanụ; electrochemical oxidation (10-15 V, 30-60 sekọnd) na-eme ka ọ dị elu na arụ ọrụ; jiri deionized mmiri maka itucha; ihicha (80-90°C, 2–3 minutes) na-eme ka a hụ na nkụ n'elu. Esemokwu elu elu nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ gachara kwesịrị ịbụ ≥35 mN/m.
3.4 Ịkwalite njikwa gburugburu ebe obibi
3.4.1 Ịchịkwa gburugburu mmepụta ihe
Debe okpomọkụ ụlọ ọrụ na 20-25 Celsius C, iru mmiri ruru 50-60%, yana ịdị ọcha n'ụkpụrụ Ọkwa D iji belata mmetọ uzuzu.
3.4.2 Na-emeziwanye ọnọdụ nchekwa na ụgbọ njem
Chekwaa ngwaahịa emechara na jụụ (15-25°C), akọrọ (iru mmiri ≤60%), na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe ikuku, na-ezere ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem na ikpokọta oke. Jiri nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-adịghị akpata oyi n'ahụ na mmiri n'oge njem, na-ezere oke okpomọkụ / iru mmiri mgbanwe na n'ibu mmetụta.
3.5 Imelite Sistemụ Nleba Ọdịmma
3.5.1 Ịmepụta usoro nyocha usoro zuru oke
Mee nleba anya n'ịntanetị nke ọkpụrụkpụ mkpuchi na ịdị n'otu; nwalee ngwaahịa emechara maka mgbanwe, adhesion, gbawa ike (≥98kp), Mmiri vepo (≤0.5g/(m²äh)), wdg.
3.5.2 Iji Ngwa Nleba Ọkachamara
Equip with pharmacopoeia-compliant burst testers (E.G., NPD-01B), jiri headspace gas chromatography maka ihe mgbaze anwale, ma were microscopes lelee microstructure mkpuchi.
3.5.3 Ịmepụta Ogo traceability na Sistemụ Nnwale kwụsie ike
Mepụta ndekọ ogo batch maka nchọta zuru oke. Mee ule nkwụsi ike mgbe niile iji nyochaa arụmọrụ mkpuchi n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe dị iche iche.
4. Nkwenye nke nrụpụta arụmọrụ yana usoro mmepụta ihe
4.1 Ọmụmaatụ nke Mmelite Ịrụ Ọrụ
Mgbe emejuputa nkwalite ndị a dị n'elu, otu ụlọ ọrụ nwetara a 30% mmụba na mkpuchi mgbanwe, a 25% mma na adhesion, mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ edo edo iche iche ≤± 2%, ọgwụgwọ mmecha ọnụego >99%, and substrate pretreatment qualification rate of 100%. Ọnụọgụ mkpofu n'ihi nkukuku gbadara site na 8.5% ruo n'okpuru 0.3%, na ngwaahịa iru eru ruru 99.7%, nwere ike gbawara agbawa na-emezu ihe achọrọ ọgwụ ọgwụ. Site n'ịgbanwe na mkpuchi mmiri, E belatara ihe ndị na-ekupụta ọkụ VOC 80%, na-abanye n'usoro ọkọnọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ na-eduga.
Okpokoro 4: Ntụle nke isi ihe ngosi tupu na mgbe emeziwanye usoro na ụlọ ọrụ
| Ihe ngosi arụmọrụ igodo | Ọnọdụ Tupu Mmelite | Ọnọdụ Mgbe emelitere | Ọnọdụ nkwalite/mmekọrịta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mgbanwe Mkpuchi mkpuchi | Kediala, ngwa ngwa ka cracking | Emelitere nke ọma | Emelitere site na ihe dị ka 30% |
| Mkpuchi Adhesion | Ezughi oke, na-adịkarị mfe delamination | Njikọ siri ike | Emelitere site na ihe dị ka 25% |
| Ịdị n'ụdị mkpuchi ịdị arọ | Ngbanwe >±5% | Ngbanwe ≤±2% | E mezuru ebumnuche |
| Ọnụego mmecha nke ọgwụgwọ | ~95% | >99% | Ogo nke ọma kwụsiri ike |
| Ọnụego ngafe Pretreatment Substrate | Akwụsịghị ntụkwasị obi | 100% | A na-achịkwa ogo isi mmalite |
| Ọnụego mkpori agbawa | 8.5% | <0.3% | Ogo ọnwụ belatara nke ukwuu |
| Ọnụego ntozu ngwaahịa niile | ~91% | 99.7% | Meets high-end customer requirements |
| Mgbawa Ike | Akụkụ dị n'okpuru 98 kpa | Ihe niile ≥98 kPa | 100% kwekọrọ na Ndị China Pharmacopoeia |
| Uru gburugburu ebe obibi (VOCs) | Iji mkpuchi na-eme ihe mgbaze | Iji mkpuchi mmiri na-eme ihe | E wedara ihe ndị na-esi na ya pụta >80% |
4.2 Usoro mmepe ụlọ ọrụ
4.2.1 Greening nke mkpuchi mkpuchi teknụzụ
Mmiri dabere, UV-agwọta, na mkpuchi elektrọn beam-curable nwere obere VOC ma ọ bụ efu ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie ngwaahịa ndị nwere mgbaze.
4.2.2 Mmepe na-arụ ọrụ maka nkenke na ọgụgụ isi
Mkpuchi na-agbanwe n'ụzọ nwere ọgụgụ isi mgbochi adịgboroja, otu ihe-otu koodu traceability, ike nchebe ìhè, na ọgụgụ isi iji gboo mkpa nchebe nke ọgwụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike.
4.2.3 Iwu ụlọ ọrụ na-emewanyewanye nke ọma
Nke Ndị China Pharmacopoeiaụkpụrụ na-aga n'ihu, na ule ịgbatị kwupụta microstructure, njirimara kemịkalụ, na biocompatibility, usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala na nkwalite njikwa mma na ụlọ ọrụ.
5. Mmechi
Ikpuchi brittleness na foil aluminom ọgwụ bụ ntụpọ dị mma nke ọtụtụ ihe kpatara, gụnyere akụrụngwa, usoro, pretreatment, na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, na-etinye ihe iyi egwu na nchekwa ọgwụ, nnabata ụlọ ọrụ, na ọdịmma akụ na ụba. Site n'ịkwalite ngwa ngwa n'usoro, kpomkwem ịchịkwa usoro parameters, ike substrate pretreatment, na-achịkwa ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọma, na imeziwanye usoro nyocha nke ọma, Enwere ike ikpochapụ ihe ize ndụ nke mgbawa nke ọma, ịkwalite ntụkwasị obi ngwaahịa.
N'ọdịnihu, enterprises should follow industry trends towards greening, nkenke, na functionalization, gbasaa R&D itinye ego, na-aga n'ihu usoro nkwalite, gbasoosie ike na pharmacopoeia na ụkpụrụ ndị metụtara ya, ma melite usoro njikwa mma iji hụ na nchekwa ọgwụ na ngwaahịa dị elu ma bulie ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ n'ozuzu ya.