Kafukufuku wa Composite Recycling and Treatment Technologies for 006 Aluminium Foil Flexible Packaging

Ndemanga

006 zitsulo za aluminiyumu (makulidwe ≤ 0.006mm) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu ophatikizika a ma CD osinthika (E.g., PE/Aluminium foil/PA, PET / aluminium zojambulazo / PE) mu chakudya, mankhwala, ndi mafakitale amagetsi chifukwa cha zotchinga zake zabwino kwambiri komanso ductility. Komabe, zotengera zosinthika zotere, yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za “aluminium zojambulazo-pulasitiki-zomatira”, amakumana ndi zovuta pakubwezeretsanso ndi kuchiza, kuphatikiza zovuta mawonekedwe kulekana, kutayika kosavuta kwa aluminium zojambulazo, ndi kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri. Pepala ili limasanthula mwadongosolo zinthu zakuthupi za 006 aluminium zojambulazo zosinthika ma CD, amafotokoza za njira zobwezereranso ndi mankhwala monga kulekanitsa thupi, kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala, ndi kuphatikiza kwathupi ndi mankhwala, imayang'ana zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo, ndipo ikupereka njira zachitukuko zamtsogolo kutengera zochitika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Cholinga chake ndi kupereka maumboni aukadaulo olimbikitsa kubwezeredwa kwa zinthu za 006 aluminium zojambulazo zosinthika ma CD.

Eco-a. Chiyambi

Kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino wa “opepuka + chotchinga chachikulu”, 006 zitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu zosinthika zimakhala ndi matani opitilira miliyoni imodzi pachaka m'magawo monga kuyika chakudya cha aseptic. (E.g., mkaka pilo phukusi), mankhwala matuza phukusi, ndi zida zamagetsi zoteteza gawo lamagetsi. Komabe, atataya, zojambula za aluminiyamu m'malo otayirako zimatenga zaka mazana ambiri kuti ziwonongeke, pamene zigawo za pulasitiki zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa microplastic mosavuta; kuyatsa kumatulutsa mpweya wapoizoni ndikuwononga zida za aluminiyamu (kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za migodi ya bauxite ndi 20 nthawi ya aluminiyamu yosinthidwanso). Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku China Packaging Federation, mlingo wobwezeretsanso wa 006 zitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu zosinthika ku China zinali zochepa kuposa 30% mu 2024, otsika kwambiri kuposa 65% kubwezanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu wamba zotayidwa. Choncho, Kupanga matekinoloje obwezeretsanso komanso osamalira zachilengedwe ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse “kaboni” zolinga ndi chuma chozungulira.

Eco-b. Katundu ndi Mavuto Obwezeretsanso a 006 Aluminium Foil Flexible Packaging

A. Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri

1. Katundu wa 006 Chojambula cha Aluminium: Ili ndi makulidwe owonda kwambiri (0.005-0.006mm) ndi chiyero chapamwamba (≥99.7%). Ngakhale ductility kwambiri, ili ndi mphamvu zochepa zokhazikika (≤120MPa) ndipo sachedwa kuwonongeka pa makina processing. Kanema woonda wa Al₂O₃ (3-5nm maku) imapangidwa mosavuta pamwamba pake chifukwa cha okosijeni, zomwe zimathandizira kukana kwa dzimbiri koma zimakhudza kuyeretsedwa kotsatira kwa zida za aluminiyamu.

2. Katundu wa Mapangidwe Ophatikiza: The mainstream kompositi system ndi “gawo lapansi (PET/PA) + aluminiyumu zojambulazo wosanjikiza + kutentha-kusindikiza wosanjikiza (PE/PP)”, omangidwa ndi zomatira zosungunulira (E.g., zomatira za polyurethane) kapena co-extrusion compounding process. Mwa iwo, zomatira za polyurethane zili ndi kachulukidwe wolumikizana kwambiri (gel osakaniza ≥85%), amphamvu zosungunulira kukana, ndi osiyanasiyana kutentha kukana (-40-120℃), kukhala chopinga chachikulu pakulekanitsa mawonekedwe.

B. Zovuta Zobwezeretsanso

1. Kusiyanitsa Kwamawonekedwe Ochepa Mwachangu: Mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa zomatira ndi zomatira ndi aluminiyumu zojambulazo / pulasitiki zimafikira 20-30J/m². Ochiritsira thupi njira zovuta kuthetsa kugwirizana, kuchititsa kulekanitsa kosakwanira kwa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi pulasitiki (kulekana chiyero ≤80%).

2. Kutayika Kwambiri kwa Aluminium Foil: 006 zitsulo za aluminiyamu ndi zoonda komanso zowonongeka, kuchititsa mosavuta “kutayika kwa aluminiyumu ufa” (chiwopsezo ≥10%) pa kuphwanya ndi kusanja. Kuchuluka kwake kwa okosijeni kumawonjezeka 5%-8% ndi nthawi yaitali processing.

3. Kuopsa kwa Kuwonongeka Kwachiwiri: Mu mankhwala mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira zamadzimadzi (E.g., toluene, ethyl acetate) kufika 50-100mg/m³; pyrolysis imapanga VOCs (E.g., mndandanda wa benzene) ndi dioxin (zomwe zili ≤0.1ng TEQ/m³), zomwe zimafuna ndalama zowonjezera pamtengo wamankhwala a gasi.

4. Economic Imbalance: Mtengo wa njira zachikhalidwe zobwezeretsanso ndi pafupifupi 2,000-3,000 RMB / TON, pamene mtengo wogulitsa wa aluminiyamu wokonzedwanso ndi wokha 500-800 RMB/tani yotsika kuposa ya aluminiyamu yoyamba, kupangitsa kuti mabizinesi azikhala ndi chidwi chochepa pakukonzanso zinthu.

Eco-c. Njira Zobwezeretsanso ndi Kuchiza Zophatikiza za 006 Aluminium Foil Flexible Packaging

A. Physical Recycling Njira: Kuwonongeka Kochepa ndi Makulitsidwe Osavuta

Zokhazikika “kulekanitsa makina + kusanja mwakuthupi”, njira yakuthupi ndi yoyenera kuyika kwamagulu osinthika okhala ndi zomatira zochepa (≤5%). Njira zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

1. Low-Kutentha Kuphwanya-Electrostatic Kulekana Njira

• Njira: Ikani zoyikapo zosinthika pamalo otsika kutentha (-80~-100 ℃) kusokoneza pulasitiki wosanjikiza (Kutentha kwa galasi kumatsika ndi 20-30 ℃), Kenako aphwanyeni mu zidutswa 5-10mm pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo crusher; chojambula chosiyana cha aluminiyamu (kondakitala) ndi pulasitiki (chopondera) ndi cholekanitsa cha electrostatic (mphamvu 30-50 kV) kutengera kusiyana kwawo kwamagetsi.

• Kukhudza: Aluminiyamu kuchira mlingo ≥85%, pulasitiki chiyero ≥90%, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pafupifupi 80-100kWh/ton; komabe, kwa ma CD osinthika okhala ndi zomatira kwambiri, Aluminiyamu zojambulazo pamwamba zimakhala zomatira (≥3%) pambuyo kusanja, kufuna kupukuta kotsatira.

2. Thermal Peeling-Briquetting Njira

• Mfundo yofunika: Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwa infrared (120-150℃) kufewetsa zomatira (kukhuthala kumatsika mpaka 1,000-2,000mPa · s), alekanitse zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi wosanjikiza wa pulasitiki ndi peeler; kanikizani zojambulazo za aluminiyamu mu makeke a aluminiyamu pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira briquetting (kuthamanga 10-15MPa), ndi kukonzanso pulasitiki wosanjikiza kudzera granulation.

• Ubwino: Kukhazikika kwabwino kwa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu (kuwonongeka kwa ≤3), oyenera kubwezereranso zojambulazo za aluminiyamu zapamwamba; kuipa: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri (150-200kWh/tani) ndi kumamatira kosavuta kwa PE kutentha-kusindikiza wosanjikiza kwa wodzigudubuza.

B. Chemical Recycling Njira: Chiyero Chapamwamba ndi Kutsata Kwamphamvu

Njira yamankhwala imawononga kapangidwe ka zomatira kapena mapulasitiki pogwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira kapena ma reagents kuti akwaniritse kukonzanso bwino kwa aluminium zojambulazo., oyenera kulongedza kwamtengo wapamwamba wosinthika (E.g., phukusi lamankhwala):

1. Njira ya Solvent Dissolution

• Njira: Gwiritsani ntchito N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) kapena dimethylformamide (DMF) monga zosungunulira, zilowerereni ma CD osinthika pa 80-100 ℃ kwa 2-4h kuti asungunuke zomatira zochokera ku polyurethane mu zosungunulira.; alekanitse zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi kusefera, bwezeretsani zosungunulira kudzera mu distillation (kuchira ≥90%), ndi kupukuta pulasitiki wosanjikiza ndi kutsuka madzi pamaso granulation.

• Mlozera: Aluminiyamu zojambulazo kuyera ≥99.5%, kuchira ≥95%; komabe, mtengo wosungunulira ndiwokwera (NMP ndi pafupifupi 15 RMB/kg), ndi kulamulira mwamphamvu zosungunulira volatilization chofunika (malire a ntchito 200mg/m³).

2. Acid-Base Catalyzed Degradation Njira

• Gulu: Acidic systems (E.g., 10%-15% H₂SO₄, 80-90℃) imatha kuwononga polyamide (PA) magawo, pamene machitidwe amchere (E.g., 5%-8% Naoh, 60-70℃) akhoza kusokoneza mowa wa polyvinyl (PVA) zomatira.

• Karata yanchito: Kwa PET/aluminium zojambulazo/PA zotengera zosinthika, choyamba kuwola PA wosanjikiza ndi asidi, Kenako tsitsani zomatira zotsalira ndi alkali kuti pamapeto pake mupeze zojambula zoyera za aluminiyamu (kuyera ≥99.2%); komabe, acid-base zinyalala zamadzimadzi zimafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala (pH yosinthidwa kukhala 6-8), kutulutsa zotsalira za mchere (pafupifupi 5%-8% kuchuluka kwa processing).

C. Njira Yophatikizira Yathupi-Chemical: Synergy Yogwira Ntchito ndi Kuchepetsa Mtengo

Kuphatikiza scalability wa njira thupi ndi mkulu chiyero cha mankhwala njira, njira yophatikizika ndiyo njira yachitukuko chamakono:

1. Kuphwanya-Ultrasonic Anathandiza Kusungunula Njira

• Njira: Ponyani ma CD osinthika kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 2-3mm kutentha, kuwonjezera Mowa-madzi osakaniza zosungunulira (kuchuluka kwa voliyumu 3:1), ndi pansi pa zochita za akupanga kumunda (mphamvu 300-500W, pafupipafupi 20-40 kHz), zomatira kubalalitsidwa dzuwa kumawonjezeka ndi 40%-60%; kusiyanitsa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi centrifugation (kuchira ≥92%), ndi kupukuta tinthu tapulasitiki ndi mpweya wotentha (60-70℃) zobwezeretsanso.

• Ubwino: Kugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira kuchepetsedwa 30%, processing mkombero adzafupikitsidwa kwa 1-2h, mtengo wachepetsedwa mpaka 1,500-2,000 RMB / TON. Lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo waukulu mu ntchito zoweta ma CD yobwezeretsanso (processing mphamvu 500 matani/mwezi).

2. Pyrolysis-Kusungunuka Kupatukana Njira

• Mfundo yofunika: Pyrolyze zotengera zosinthika mu ng'anjo ya pyrolysis yopanda mpweya (400-500℃) kusintha pulasitiki wosanjikiza kukhala osakaniza mafuta-gasi (zogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta) ndi kuwola zomatirazo kukhala mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono; Sungunulani zojambulazo za aluminiyamu mu ng'anjo yosungunuka (660-700℃), chotsani pamwamba oxide wosanjikiza powonjezera 3%-5% cryolite ngati flux, ndi kuziponya muzitsulo za aluminiyamu (kuyera ≥98.5%).

• Kaonekedwe: Palibe zosungunulira kuipitsa, mafuta-gasi kuchira ≥70%; komabe, zimafunika kuthandizira machitidwe opangira mpweya wa mpweya (E.g., activated carbon adsorption + kuyaka kwa catalytic) ndi mkulu woyamba zida ndalama (pafupifupi 20 miliyoni RMB pamzere uliwonse wopanga).

D. Technical Parameter Kufanizitsa kwa Mainstream Recycling Njira

Kuwonetsa mwachilengedwe ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira zosiyanasiyana, mfundo zazikuluzikulu zaumisiri zikufotokozedwa mwachidule mu tebulo ili pansipa:

Eco-d. Kuwunika kwa Milandu Yodziwika bwino

A. Pulojekiti Yobwezeretsanso Bizinesi Yamkaka Yanyumba

• Processing Object: PE/aluminium zojambulazo/PA aseptic pilo ma CD (006 Aluminiyamu zojambulazo zili pafupifupi 15%)

• Njira Yopangira: Kuphwanyidwa kwa kutentha kochepa (-90℃) → Electrostatic kupatukana → Akupanga anathandiza Mowa kuvunda → Aluminiyamu zojambulazo briquetting → Pulasitiki granulation

• Kukhudza: Aluminiyamu kuchira mlingo 95.3%, mtengo wobwezeretsa pulasitiki 88.7%. Aluminiyamu yobwezerezedwanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zolembera za aluminiyamu (ika mtengo 650 RMB/tani yotsika kuposa aluminiyamu yoyamba), ndipo pulasitiki yokonzedwanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaleti, kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO₂ wapachaka ndi pafupifupi 800 matani.

B. Technology ya European Pharmaceutical Packaging Recycling Enterprise

• Processing Object: PET / aluminium zojambulazo / PP matuza phukusi (006 aluminiyumu zojambulazo chiyero 99.9%)

• Njira Yopangira: Supercritical CO₂ kuchotsa (kutentha 31 ℃, kuthamanga 7.38MPa) → Aluminiyamu kuyeretsa zojambulazo → PET yobwezeretsanso

• Ubwino: Supercritical CO₂ ili ndi kuchuluka kwa zomatira kusungunuka kwa 98% popanda zotsalira za zosungunulira. Kuyera kwa aluminium zojambulazo kumafika 99.8%, ndipo PET yobwezerezedwanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga magawo opangira mankhwala, kutsatira malamulo a EU REACH. Komabe, mtengo wokonza ndi pafupifupi 4,000 RMB / TON, oyenera okha minda yapamwamba.

C. Kufananiza Magwiridwe a Milandu Yodziwika

Zindikirani: *Mlandu wamakampani apanyumba apakompyuta ndi ntchito yowonjezera yamakampani. Njira ya pyrolysis-kusungunuka imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ma CD omwe ali ndi PI. (polyimide), ndipo pulasitiki wosanjikiza ndi pyrolyzed kukhala mafuta kuti mphamvu kuchira.

Eco-e. Malangizo a Zachitukuko Zamtsogolo ndi Malingaliro

A. Malangizo aukadaulo aukadaulo

1. R&D wa Green Separation Technologies: Kupanga matekinoloje ochepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe monga zomatira zomwe zimawonongeka ndi ma enzyme (E.g., lipase ili ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa polyurethane ≥80%) ndi chithandizo cha plasma pamwamba (kuswa aluminiyamu zojambulazo oxide wosanjikiza) kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

2. Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Kwambiri: Gwiritsani ntchito zojambulazo zobwezerezedwanso za aluminiyamu pazotolera za batri za lithiamu (amafuna chiyero ≥99.9%) ndi pulasitiki zobwezerezedwanso kuti akonze antibacterial ma CD zipangizo (kuwonjezera nano-ZnO) kukweza mtengo wowonjezera wazinthu.

B. Policy ndi Industrial Collaboration

1. Limbikitsani Njira Yobwezeretsanso: Kukwaniritsa Udindo Wowonjezera Wopanga (Eifi) dongosolo, kufuna kuti mabizinesi onyamula katundu azinyamula kuposa 30% za ndalama zobwezeretsanso; kukhazikitsa maukonde atatu mlingo wa “anthu ammudzi zobwezeretsanso – kusanja pakati – akatswiri processing” kupititsa patsogolo kuchira kwazinthu zopangira.

2. Njira Zolimbikitsira Economic: Perekani thandizo la 500 RMB/tani pazinthu zobwezerezedwanso za aluminiyamu zopangidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikuchotsanso mabizinesi obwezeretsanso ku msonkho wowonjezera mtengo kuti muchepetse zoopsa zoyambira pakugulitsa.

Eco-f. Mapeto

The recycling ndi mankhwala a 006 zotengera za aluminiyamu zosinthika zosinthika ziyenera kuthana ndi zovuta zinayi zazikulu: “kupatukana kwa mawonekedwe – chitetezo cha aluminiyumu zojambulazo – kuletsa kuipitsa – mtengo woyenera”. Njira zolimbitsa thupi ndizoyenera kukonzanso kwakukulu, mankhwala njira angathe kukwaniritsa mkulu-chiyero yobwezeretsanso, ndi njira zophatikizira zathupi ndi mankhwala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yaukadaulo pakadali pano. Monga momwe tawonetsera mu kufananitsa kwa tebulo, ndi “kuphwanya-akupanga anathandiza zosungunulira ndondomeko” mwa njira zophatikizana zimakwaniritsa bwino bwino pamtengo, mlingo wochira, ndi ubwenzi wachilengedwe, ndipo wakwaniritsa zofunikira pakukwezedwa kwakukulu. Mtsogolomu, kudzera mu luso laukadaulo (E.g., kulekana kobiriwira, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamtengo wapatali), chitsogozo cha ndondomeko (E.g., EPR ndondomeko, zolimbikitsa za subsidy), ndi mgwirizano wa mafakitale (kuphatikiza kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mafakitale), mlingo wobwezeretsanso wa 006 zitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu zosinthika ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuchokera pano 30% ku over 60% mwa 2030, kupeza mwayi wopambana pakubwezeretsanso zinthu komanso kupindula kwa chilengedwe.