Chifukwa chiyani gulu la aluminiyamu la 0.07mm la zisa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chochepetsera mtengo, kuchita bwino & kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo m'munda watsopano wamagetsi?

Chifukwa chiyani gulu la aluminiyamu la 0.07mm la zisa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chochepetsera mtengo, kuchita bwino & kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo m'munda watsopano wamagetsi?

Eco-a. Kuchepetsa Mtengo & Kupititsa patsogolo Mwachangu: Kusanthula kwa Mtengo Wambiri Potengera Unyolo wa Zida-Kapangidwe-Mafakitale

A. Micro-Strengthening Mechanism of Substrate Alloy System ndi Structural Efficiency Optimization

The 0.07mm aluminium fol amatengera 3003/H18 strain-hardened alloy, ndi kapangidwe kake kakutsata njira ya synergistic ya “kulimbitsa njira yolimba + gwiritsirani ntchito”:

• Udindo wa Mn Element: Mn amapanga α-Al(Mn,Fe) magawo olimba yothetsera (kusungunuka 0.7%) mu Al matrix, zomwe zimalepheretsa kusuntha kwapang'onopang'ono kudzera kupotoza kwa lattice ndikuwongolera kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa alloy. Mu mayeso osalowerera ndale mchere kutsitsi (Gb / t 10125-2021, 5% NCL yankho, 35℃, cho 6.5-7.2), palibe dzimbiri pitting anaona pambuyo 1000 maola, yokhala ndi dzimbiri ≤0.02mm/chaka—kuposa aluminiyamu yeniyeni (0.08mm/chaka);
• Kuwongolera kwa Mg Element: Kusiyana kwa ma radius atomiki pakati pa Mg (1.60O!) ndi Al (1.43O!) zimayambitsa kusiyana kwa malire a tirigu, kumawonjezera mphamvu yolumikizana m'malire ambewu. Mphamvu yamakokedwe imafika 280-300MPa (Gb / t 228.1-2021, kuthamanga kwa 5mm / min), chomwe chiri 115%-173% apamwamba kuposa a 3003 aluminium mu O temper (110-130MPa), kupereka chithandizo chamakina cha magawo owonda kwambiri.

Chisa cha njuchi chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a hexagonal (cell phula 8-12mm, chiŵerengero cha makulidwe a khoma 1:15). Kutengera mtundu wa Gibson-Ashby zisa za zisa (Gibson, Ashby M F. Ma Cellular Solids: Kapangidwe ndi Katundu[M], 2010), zotanuka modulus ake ofanana amawerengedwa ndi:\(E_{eq}=0.34\frac{E_s}{\sqrt{3}}\kumanzere(\frac{t}{l}\kulondola)^2\)ku \(E_s\) ndiye elastic modulus ya matrix a aluminium (70GPA), t ndiye makulidwe a zojambulazo za aluminiyumu, ndipo l ndi utali wa mbali ya selo. Zowerengeka \(E_{eq}\) kuyambira 2.8GPa mpaka 3.2GPa, ndi mtengo woyezedwa wa 2.95GPa (kupatuka ≤5% kuchokera pamtengo wongoyerekeza). The structural dzuwa (kuchuluka kwamphamvu) kufika 28MN·kg/m³, chomwe chiri 15.2% apamwamba kuposa zisa za uchi za rhombic (24.3MN·kg/m³), ndipo chiŵerengero cholimba cha voliyumu ndichokhacho 4%. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa zinthu zopanda ntchito “yunifolomu mphamvu kufala pakati pa maselo”. Poyerekeza ndi mafelemu a batri achitsulo a Q235 (kachulukidwe 7.85g/cm³, \(E=206GPa\)), pansi pa kuuma komweko kopindika (AYI) chofunika, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu kumachepetsedwa ndi 72%. Kutengera ndi 2024 mtengo wa aluminiyamu (18,000 RMB / TON) ndi mtengo wachitsulo (5,000 RMB / TON), mtengo wagawo la unit ukuchepa kuchokera 32 RMB/㎡ ku 8.96 RMB/㎡.

Njira yopanga misa ya Hebei Tianyingxing imatenga magawo atatu: “1850mm hc sikisi-ozizira kwambiri – Ng'ombe zokopa (480℃ × 30s) – 16-Mphero yapamwamba kwambiri”:

• Gawo lozizira: Kugudubuza (Ntchito yopumira 2.5%) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mawonekedwe a mbale kudzera pakugwedezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kuthamanga pakati pa ma roll apamwamba kwambiri. Mphamvu yoyenda imayendetsedwa mu 200-220Kn, Ndipo kulondola komwe kumangotanthauza ± 0,003mm (chopambana chofunikira kwambiri cha ± 0,005mm mu gb / t 3880.3-2012);
• Gawo la khungu: Kusamvana (Mavuto 150-180n / mm) umagwiritsidwa ntchito kulamulira mbale mawonekedwe kulolerana ≤5I (Gb / t 13288-2022, kutalika kwa mafunde ≤5mm pa mita kutalika). Zokolola zopanga zimafika 92% (8% apamwamba kuposa miyambo inayi mkulu ozizira akugubuduza mphero), ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu pa unit ndi 120kWh/ton (25% otsika kuposa njira za batch annealing), kuchepetsanso ndalama zopangira zinthu.

B.Quantitative Model for Full-Industry-Chain Value of Lightweighting

Kupepuka kwa mapaketi a batire agalimoto yamagetsi atsopano kumatsatira njira yolumikizirana ya “Kuchepetsa Kuchepetsa – kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu – kukula kwa mitundu” (kutengera mayeso ozungulira a NEDC, kukula chitsanzo n = 50 magalimoto, R²=0.98):\(\Delta C = -0.08\Delta m,\quad \Delta R = 0.8\Delta m\)ku \(\Delta C\) ndiye kusintha kwamphamvu kwa 100km (kWh/100km), \(\Delta m\) ndiye kusintha kwa kulemera kwa paketi ya batri (kg), ndi \(\Delta R\) ndiye kusintha kwa magalimoto (km). Pamene 0.07mm zotayidwa zojambulazo zisa gulu (kachulukidwe 0.38-0.42g/cm³) amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Pack mafelemu, poyerekeza ndi mafelemu achitsulo a Q235 (~ 35kg) ndi 6061 mapanelo olimba a aluminiyamu (~ 22kg), kulemera kwake kumachepetsedwa kufika 11-13kg, ndi kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 51.4%-68.6%. Kulowa m'malo mwachitsanzo kumapereka \(\Delta C=-1.8-2.3kWh/100km\) ndi \(\Delta R=15.2-20.4km\). Kutsimikizika kwa mayeso osinthidwa pazithunzi za Model X za wopanga makina ena: kulemera kwa batire kumatsika kuchokera ku 520kg (zitsulo) ku 485kg (zinthu izi), 100Km kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumatsika kuchoka pa 16.0kWh mpaka 14.2kWh (\(\Delta C=-1.8kWh\)), ndi kuyendetsa galimoto kumawonjezeka kuchoka pa 560km kufika ku 582km (\(\Delta R=22km\)), ndi kupatuka ≤8% kuchokera ku kulosera kwachitsanzo.

Mtengo wa Moyo Wozungulira (LCC) imawerengedwa molingana ndi ISO 15686-5:2020 (kuzungulira 10 zaka, mtengo wochotsera 8%):

• Mtengo Wogula: Kwa sikelo ya 100,000 magalimoto, mtengo wa zinthu pa galimoto chimango amachepetsa 850 RMB (zitsulo) ku 320 RMB (zinthu izi), kusunga 53 miliyoni RMB pachaka;
• Mtengo wa Ntchito: Galimoto iliyonse imachepetsa kulemera kwa 22kg, ndi mtunda wapachaka wamayendedwe a 10,000km. Galimoto imadya mafuta a 30L pa 100km (mtengo wamafuta 8 RMB/L), kupulumutsa 12,000kWh pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyendera pachaka, ofanana ndi 6,000 RMB mu mtengo wamagetsi (0.5 RMB/kWh);
• Mtengo Wobwezeretsanso: Mtengo wotsalira wa zojambula za aluminiyamu umawerengera 60% za mtengo wazinthu zopangira (yekha 20% za chitsulo), kubweretsa kusiyana kwa zaka 10 zobwezeretsanso phindu la 28 miliyoni RMB.Kuwerengera kwathunthu kukuwonetsa kuti LCC ndi 38.2% otsika kuposa zinthu zachitsulo ndi 15.6% otsika kuposa a aluminiyamu olimba.

Eco-b. Kukwezera Chitetezo: Njira Zodzitetezera Zosiyanasiyana Zotengera Zowopsa Zatsopano Zamagetsi

A. Chitetezo Chosanjikiza cha Kutsekereza Kuthamangitsidwa Kwamatenthedwe ndi Kuwongolera Kutentha Kutentha

Kukhazikika kwamafuta kwa gawo lapansi la aluminium alloy (malo osungunuka 660 ℃) imatheka kudzera mu chitetezo cha magawo atatu “gawo lapansi – chokutila – sitilakichala”:

• Coating Design: Pakatikati pa zisa za uchi ndi zokutidwa ndi epoxy-based retardant flame-retardant (kupanga: 60% E-44 epoxy resin, 20% aluminiyamu hydroxide, 15% polyamide mankhwala othandizira, 5% defoamer), ndi oxygen index wa 32% (Gb / t 2406.2-2009, njira yoyaka moto), kukumana ndi muyezo wachitetezo chamoto wa Gulu B1. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA, 10℃/mphindi, N₂ mpweya) zikuwonetsa kuti zokolola zamoto pa 800 ℃ zimafika 35%, chomwe chiri 600% apamwamba kuposa a zisa za aluminiyamu zopanda uchi (5%);
• Structural Thermal Insulation: Maselo a hexagonal okhazikika amapanga mpweya wotsekedwa (matenthedwe madutsidwe 0.026W/(M · K)), zomwe pamodzi ndi zokutira (matenthedwe madutsidwe 0.18W/(M · K)) kupanga kompositi matenthedwe insulation system. Based on Fourier’s law\(q=-k\nabla T\), Thermal conductivity yonse imawerengeredwa kukhala 0.12W/(M · K), 40% zotsika kuposa za zisa za aluminium zosakutidwa (0.20W /(M · K)).

Mayeso oyeserera a Thermal Runaway a National New Energy Vehicle Material Testing Center (Chithunzi cha CNAS L1234):

• Zida: Battery thermal runway simulator (kutentha kwa 5 ℃/min, kutentha kwakukulu 900 ℃);
• Zizindikiro Zoyang'anira: Kutentha pamwamba pamoto (Ga 38031-2020 amafuna ≤180 ℃), Kutulutsa kwa CO (pamafunika <300ppm), umphumphu wamapangidwe (palibe kugwa);
• Zotsatira: Mkati 30 mphindi, The backfire pamwamba kutentha ndi 152 ℃, Kutulutsa kwa CO ndi 180ppm, ndi mlingo deformation ndi 4.8% (mapindikidwe mlingo wa mbale miyambo aluminiyamu ndi 21.5%), kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse.

B. Kudalirika Kwamapangidwe ndi Makhalidwe Ang'onoang'ono Pansi Pamalo Opambana

Kudalirika kwa Kutentha Kozungulira: Mayeso ozungulira kutentha (-40℃ kwa 4h → 120℃ kwa 4h, 50 kuzungulira) zidachitika molingana ndi GB/T 2423.22-2012. Mphamvu ya kukameta ubweya inayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyesera padziko lonse lapansi (WDW-100) (Gb / t 14522-2009), ndipo zotsatira zikuwonetsa:

• Kumeta ubweya wa mphamvu kumachepa kuchoka pa 2.1MN/m² kufika pa 1.94MN/m², ndi attenuation mlingo wa 7.6% (zofunikira pamakampani ≤10%);
• Kuuma kumachepa kuchokera pa 3.2GPa yoyambirira kupita ku 2.95GPa, ndi chiwerengero chosungira 92.2%;
• Micro-Mechanism: Transmission Electron Microscopy (Mtengo wa TEM, JEM-2100) kuyang'ana kukuwonetsa kuti gawo la mawonekedwe oziziritsa ozizira {112}<110> amachepetsa kuchokera 35% ku 33%, ndipo kukula kwa mbewu sikukulirakulira (kusungidwa pa 5-8μm), kupewa kusweka kwa brittle fracture ndi kutentha kwambiri kufewetsa.

Impact ndi Vibration Performance:

• Mayeso a Falling Ball Impact(Gb / t 1451-2005): Mpira wachitsulo wa 5kg umagwa kuchokera kutalika kwa 1.5m. Chisa cha njuchi chimatenga mphamvu “pang'onopang'ono pulasitiki mapindikidwe maselo”. Mphepete mwa kusuntha kwamphamvu panthawi yamphamvu ikuwonetsa mphamvu yayikulu ya 8kN ndi kuyamwa kwamphamvu kwa 120J (deformation 25mm), popanda ming'alu pa panel. Poyerekeza ndi mapanelo a uchi wa PP (kuyamwa mphamvu 65J, fracture pa 15mm deformation), kukana kwamphamvu kumakulitsidwa ndi 84.6%;
• Mayeso a Vibration(Gb / t 2423.10-2019): Sesani kugwedezeka pa 10-2000Hz ndi kuthamanga kwa 20m/s². Laser vibrometer (PSV-500) kuyeza ma frequency a resonance pa 350Hz (kupewa ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito pafupipafupi a 100-300Hz pamapaketi a batri), ndi kugwedera mathamangitsidwe kufala mlingo ndi 0.78 (zotsika kuposa zomwe makampani amafunikira 1.0), kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa tabo kutopa (Kuyeza kwa moyo wa kutopa kumawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa kuthyoka kwa tabu kumawonjezeka kuchokera ku 10⁶ mpaka 10⁷).

C. Mapangidwe a Insulation System ndi Magwiridwe Amagetsi a 800V High-Voltage Platforms

Kwa magalimoto okwera kwambiri a 800V (ISO 6469-3:2018), chiwembu chophatikizika cha insulation “epoxy-fluorocarbon zokutira zosanjikiza ziwiri – mpweya insulation wosanjikiza” amatengedwa:

• Coating Magwiridwe: Pansi epoxy wosanjikiza (30μm) imapereka insulation yoyambira, ndi pamwamba pa fluorocarbon wosanjikiza (20μm) imathandizira kukana kwanyengo. Meta yolimba kwambiri (ZC36) imayesa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pa 1×10¹⁵Ω·cm (Gb / t 1410-2006 ikufunika ≥1×10¹⁴Ω·cm), ndi kuphwanya voteji kukana 2000V (1min, Gb / t 1408.1-2016) ndi dielectric loss tangent (tani a, 1kHz) za 0.002 (kuchepa kwa dielectric pansi pa ma frequency apamwamba komanso ma voliyumu apamwamba, kupewa kutenthedwa m'deralo);
• Air Layer Design: Kukhuthala kwa mpweya m'maselo a zisa ndi 8-12mm. Malingana ndi Paschen curve, mphamvu yakuwonongeka kwa mpweya pa makulidwe awa ndi ≥3kV/mm. Kuphatikiza ndi zokutira, chimakwaniritsa “kutsekereza kawiri”. Ngakhale pa 90% chinyezi (Gb / t 2423.3-2016), kukana kwa insulation kumakhalabe ≥1×10¹³Ω, kuchepetsa chiwopsezo chafupipafupi ndi 90%.

Poyerekeza ndi zida zodziyimira pawokha (Tebulo 1):

(Chiyambi cha data: Malipoti oyesa a chipani chachitatu CNAS-L1234-2024-001 ku 004)

Eco-c. Kusintha kwa Viwanda: Kusintha Mwapadera kwa Scenario ndi Parametric Design (Kuphatikizapo Professional Parameter Table)

Tebulo 2: Parametric Design Table ya 0.07mm Aluminium Foil Honeycomb Panel for New Energy Scenarios

(Zindikirani: Miyezo m'mabungwe ndi maziko oyesera. Kuchuluka kwa Areal kumayesedwa molingana ndi GB/T 451.2-2002)

A. Customization Mechanism for Power Battery Frames

Chithunzi cha CATL CTP 3.0 mafelemu zimatengera kufanana kwa “Makhalidwe a cell – zofunikira zamapangidwe”:

• Maselo a LFP (100kWh): Ndi kachulukidwe mphamvu ya 160Wh/kg, ndizovuta kwambiri kulemera (kilogalamu iliyonse yama cell imathandizira 0.16kWh yamphamvu). Choncho, 10mm cell pitch imatengedwa (kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi 12%) ndi kachulukidwe amtundu wa 3.8kg/㎡, kuzolowera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali pamagalimoto onyamula anthu (10 zaka / 200,000km). Kuyesa kutopa (10⁶ kuzungulira, Kupsinjika raio r = 0.1) kusonyeza mphamvu posungira mlingo wa 85%;
• Maselo a NCM (200kWh): Ndi kachulukidwe mphamvu 210Wh/kg ndi mkulu volumetric mphamvu kachulukidwe (450Wh/L), chimango chiyenera kupirira katundu wapamwamba (cell stacking kuthamanga 15kPa). Choncho, 8mm cell pitch + nthiti zolimbitsa za 6061-T6 (zotanuka modulus 69GPa) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuwonjezera flexural tensile mphamvu ndi 6.0% ndikuwongolera kupotoza mkati mwa 1.5mm / m kuti akwaniritse zolemetsa zonse zamagalimoto amalonda (kulemera kwathunthu 4.5 matani).

Yesani pa SUV yoyera yamagetsi: Kulemera kwa chimango cha Pack kumatsika kuchokera ku 485kg (zitsulo) ku 320kg, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa unsprung ndi 18kg, kuchepetsa kuyimitsidwa dongosolo kupanikizika ndi 12%, ndi kufupikitsa mtunda wa braking ndi 0.8m (100-0km/h). Epoxy structural zomatira (kukameta ubweya mphamvu 15MPa) imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mgwirizano, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito bolt ndi 40% ndikufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa msonkhano kuchokera ku 120s/unit mpaka 72s/unit, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi 40%.

B. Kukhathamiritsa Mwapadera kwa Scenario-Specific Optimization for Energy Storage Equipment

• Makabati Osungira Mphamvu Zanyumba (5-20kWh): Mapangidwe owonda a 15mm amadalira mpweya wabwino wa ngalande za zisa (liwiro la mpweya 0.3m/s, Re=1200, laminar flow state), ndi mphamvu yachilengedwe yochotsa kutentha kwa 5W/㎡·K. Kusiyana kwa kutentha kwamkati kwa nduna ndi ≤5 ℃ (12℃ makabati azikhalidwe zitsulo), kupulumutsa 80kWh pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamafani pachaka (kuwerengeredwa kutengera 8h ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 40W mafani mphamvu);
• Malo Akuluakulu Osungira Mphamvu (100MW +): Gulu la 25mm wandiweyani limawonjezedwa ndi a 15% E-glass reinforcement layer. Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe (silane coupling wothandizira KH-550) kumawonjezera mphamvu yolumikizira mawonekedwe pakati pa ulusi wamagalasi ndi zojambulazo za aluminiyamu mpaka 10MPa (kumeta ubweya wa ma tensile test, Gb / t 7124-2021), kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya mphepo kuchoka ku 1.0kPa kufika ku 1.5kPa (Gb / t 5135.1-2019, Kuthamanga kwa mphepo yamkuntho kuyesa mphepo 30m/s), kuthana ndi vuto la namondwe m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja (100-chaka kubwerera nthawi mphepo yamkuntho liwiro 45m/s).

Eco-d. Mabotolo aukadaulo ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Kudulira

A. Kupambana Kwambiri kwa Core Process mu Ultra-Thin Aluminium Foil Manufacturing

Plate Shape Control Bottleneck: Kugudubuzika kwa zojambulazo za aluminium 0.07mm ndizosavuta “mafunde apakati” (kutalika - 500-800 mm, kutalika kwa mafunde 3-5 mm), ndi zokolola zokha 80% kwa miyambo inayi yozizira yogudubuza mphero. Zopambana zimatheka kudzera:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito HC Six-High Cold Rolling Mills: M'mimba mwake mphuno φ120mm, zosunga zobwezeretsera m'mimba mwake φ600mm. Kulamulira kophatikizana kwa “zabwino / zoipa mpukutu kupinda + kusuntha kwapakatikati” amatengedwa, ndi mphamvu yopindika ya ± 50kN ndi kusinthasintha kwa ± 15mm, kulamulira mbale mawonekedwe kulolerana mkati 5I;
• Asynchronous Rolling process: Kusiyana kwa liwiro la 2%-3% pakati pa mipukutu yapamwamba ndi yapansi imayambitsa kumeta ubweya γ = 0.05-0.08, kupangitsa kuti chitsulo chiziyenda bwino kwambiri pakugubuduza. Kuchuluka kwa mafunde apakati kumachepa kuchokera 15% ku 3%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumawonjezeka 92%.

Chinsinsi cha Kuwongolera Kuwonongeka kwa Mafuta: Mafuta otsalira ogudubuza pamwamba pa aluminiyumu zojambulazo (makamaka amapangidwa ndi mafuta oyambira + mafuta acid ester zowonjezera) amachepetsa mawonekedwe kugwirizana mphamvu ya zisa pachimake ndi 30%. A ophatikizana ndondomeko ya “electrolytic kuyeretsa – kutentha mpweya kuyanika” amatengedwa:

• Electrolytic Cleaning: 5% Naoh + 3% Na₂CO₃ yankho, kutentha 60 ℃, kachulukidwe kakali pano 2A/dm², electrolysis nthawi 30s, ndi kugudubuza kuchotsa mafuta mwachangu ≥95%;
• Kuyanika Mpweya Wotentha: 120℃ mpweya wotentha (liwiro la mphepo 5m/s), kuyanika nthawi 15s. Kuchuluka kwamafuta otsalira kumachepetsedwa kukhala 2.3mg/m² (Gb / t 16743-2018 imafunika ≤5mg/m²), ndipo mphamvu yolumikizira mawonekedwe imasungidwa bwino pa 12MPa (Gb / t 7124-2021).

B. Cutting-Edge Technology Routes ndi Industrialization Prospects

• Zinthu Zatsopano: Mapangidwe a aluminium-graphene composite zojambulazo (graphene kuwonjezera 0.5%) kugwiritsa a “mpira mphero-akupanga gulu kubalalitsidwa” ndondomeko (mpira mphero liwiro 300r / min, ultrasonic mphamvu 600W). Digiri yobalalika mu ndege ya graphene ndi ≥90%. Kuwunika kwa TEM kukuwonetsa kuti graphene imapanga a “network-ngati reinforcement structure” mu matrix a aluminium. Chandamale champhamvu champhamvu ndi 350MPa (17% apamwamba kuposa 3003/H18), ndi elongation pa nthawi yopuma anakhalabe pa 12% (kupewa brittleness), kutengera kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe kamphamvu kofunikira 4680 maselo akuluakulu a cylindrical (300Wh/kg);
• Process Innovation: Kukula kwa zisa pachimake-gulu Integrated otentha kukanikiza kupanga ndondomeko. Chowongolera kutentha kwa nkhungu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kutentha kwa 180 ℃, kuthamanga kwa 1.5MPa, ndi kusunga nthawi pa 10min, kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wazitsulo pakati pa zisa pachimake ndi gulu, kuchotsa njira yolumikizirana. Njira yopangira imafupikitsidwa kuchokera ku 72h mpaka 48h, ndi kupaka ukalamba kumapewa (mphamvu attenuation amachepetsa kuchokera 15% ku 5% nditakalamba pa 120 ℃ kwa 1000h);
• Kukulitsa Ntchito: Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Al₂O₃-SiO₂ zokutira za ceramic (unene 15μm) kwa mabatire olimba (ntchito kutentha 150 ℃) pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa plasma (kupopera mphamvu 40kW, kutalika 150 mm). Kuchuluka kwa zokutira ndi ≥95%, kukulitsa kukana kutentha kwambiri mpaka 200 ℃ ndikusunga kukana kwamagetsi kwa 2000V, kutengera kupita patsogolo kwa mafakitale a mabatire olimba a Toyota ndi CATL (2025-2027).

Eco-e. Kore Q&A: Kusanthula Mwakuya kuchokera ku Katswiri

Q1: Kodi maziko a Pareto kukhathamiritsa kwa makulidwe a aluminiyamu 0.07mm makulidwe?

A: Kutengera ndi “mtengo-ntchito-ndondomeko” Pareto optimization curve (Chithunzi 1), 0.07mm ili pamalire abwino kwambiri pamapindikira:

• Performance Dimension: Poyerekeza ndi zojambulazo za aluminium 0.05mm, kuchuluka kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka 15% (280MPa vs 243MPa), ndipo mphamvu yakumeta ubweya ikuwonjezeka 18% (2.1MN/m² vs 1.78MN/m²), kukwaniritsa 15kPa 15kPa stacking kufunikira kwa batire paketi; moyo wotopa (10⁶ kuzungulira) chikuwonjezeka ndi 25%, kupewa “Kutopa kochepa pang'ono” Zojambula zopyapyala;
• Kukula kwake: Poyerekeza ndi 0,09mm aluminium aluminium, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu kumachepetsedwa ndi 22% (Kuchulukitsa kwa kachulukidwe kambiri 3.8kg / ㎡ vs 4.87kg / ㎡), mtengo wochepetsedwa 18% (200 RMB / vs vs 244 RMB/㎡), ndipo kugudubuza mphamvu zowombera kumachepetsedwa 12% (120KWH / TON VS 136KWH / TON);
• Njira Yokhazikika: Kuchuluka kwa 0,05mm aluminium aluminium ndi kokha 75% (amakonda kuphwanya), Pomwe 0.09mm imafuna mphamvu zapamwamba (280vs 220nk), Kuchulukirachulukira zida 20%. Motsutsana, 0.07mm ali ndi zokolola zokolola 92% ndipo mphamvu yake ikufanana ndi mipata ya HC isanu ndi umodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko cha mafakitale.

Q2: Kodi kutopa kwa mapanelo a zisa za aluminiyamu zowonda kwambiri zimakwaniritsa zofunikira pazaka 10/200,000km pamagalimoto amagetsi atsopano?

A: Kutsimikizira mwa kuyezetsa kutopa (Gb / t 30767-2014, Kupsinjika raio r = 0.1, frequenn 10hz) ziwonetsero:

• Mphamvu ya Battery Frame Condition: Kupanikizika kwakukulu σ_max=80MPa (kuwerengera ndalama 28.6% wa mphamvu yokhazikika). Pambuyo pa 10⁷ kuzungulira, mphamvu posungira mlingo ndi 88% (Gb / t 38031-2020 amafuna ≥80%), zoyenderana ndi liwiro la 200,000km (pafupifupi 500 kuzungulira kwa vibration pa kilomita);
• Mkhalidwe wa Cabinet Storage: Kupanikizika kwakukulu σ_max=50MPa (kuwerengera ndalama 17.9% wa mphamvu yokhazikika). Pambuyo pa 10⁸ kuzungulira, mphamvu posungira mlingo ndi 92%, zogwirizana ndi zaka 15 zautumiki (pafupifupi 6.7 × 10⁶ kuzungulira kwa vibration pachaka);
• Micro-Mechanism: Panthawi ya kutopa, kusasunthika kwa matrix a aluminiyamu kumawonjezeka kuchoka pa 1×10¹⁴m⁻² kufika pa 3×10¹⁴m⁻², koma palibe ming'alu yotopa yowonekera yomwe imapangidwa (Kuyang'ana kwa SEM kukuwonetsa kuti kuya kwa dimple kumasungidwa pa 8-10μm), kutsimikizira kudalirika kwautumiki kwanthawi yayitali.

Q3: Kodi zinthuzo zimakumana ndi Electromagnetic Compatibility (Mtengo wa EMC) zofunika pa nsanja 800V mkulu-voteji?

A: Kutsimikizira kudzera mu mayeso a EMC (Gb / t 18655-2018) imatsimikizira kutsata kwathunthu ndi zofunikira papulatifomu ya 800V:

• Kusokonezeka kwa Radiated: Mu 30MHz-1GHz frequency band, mphamvu yosokoneza ndi ≤40dBμV (malire 46dBμV), kupindula ndi electromagnetic shielding katundu wa aluminiyamu zojambulazo (chitetezo chokwanira ≥40dB, Gb / t 17738-2019);
• Chisokonezo Chochitika: Mu 150kHz-30MHz frequency band, chisokonezo panopa ndi ≤54dBμA (malire 60dBμA). Mpweya wosanjikiza ndi ❖ kuyanika kwa maselo a zisa zimapanga “mawonekedwe a impedance” kuchepetsa kusokoneza komwe kumachitika;
• Kusatetezedwa: Palibe zolakwika zomwe zimachitika mu electrostatic discharge (ESD) mayeso (kutulutsa kolumikizana 8kV, mpweya kutulutsa 15kV, Gb / t 17626.2-2018). Chifukwa cha kukana kwapadziko lapansi kwa 1 × 10⁸Ω (pakati pa conductor ndi insulator), magetsi osasunthika amatha kutulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti asawonongeke.

Q4: Kodi synergistic heat dissipation mechanism pakati pa zinthuzi ndi makina ozizirira amadzimadzi m'malo osungiramo mphamvu zazikulu?

A: Kudzera mu CFD (Wolankhula bwino) kayeseleledwe ndi kutsimikizira mayeso, dongosolo synergistic kutentha dissipation wa “cell natural convection – madzi kuzirala anakakamizika convection” amapangidwa:

• Makanema a uchi: 8-12mm cell pitch imapanga ma mayendedwe oyima omwe ali ndi liwiro la mpweya wa 0.3-0.5m/s ndi mphamvu yakuchotsa kutentha kwa 5-8W/㎡·K, kuchepetsa kutentha kwapamwamba kwa maselo osungira mphamvu kuchokera ku 55 ℃ kufika ku 48 ℃;
• Liquid Cooling Synergy: Mbale yozizira yamadzimadzi imamangiriridwa ku gulu la uchi pogwiritsa ntchito zomatira zopangira matenthedwe (Thermal conductivity 2W/(M · K)). Chisa cha uchi chimagwira ntchito ngati a “Thermal conductive intermediate wosanjikiza”, kuonjezera mphamvu ya kutentha kutengerapo kuchokera ku maselo kupita ku mbale yamadzi ozizira ndi 15% (kukana kwamafuta kumachepetsa kuchoka pa 0.15K/W kupita ku 0.13K/W poyerekeza ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji);
• Kutentha Uniformity: Kutentha kwa Synergistic kumachepetsa kusiyana kwa kutentha kwamkati kwa nduna kuchokera ku 8 ℃ mpaka 3 ℃ (Gb / t 36276-2018 amafuna ≤5 ℃), Kupewa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma cell komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha malo am'deralo (kuchuluka kwa mphamvu posungira kumawonjezeka kuchokera 85% ku 90% patsogolo 1000 kuzungulira).

Q5: Amapanga Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) za zinthu izi kutsatira ndi “kaboni” zolinga?

A: Kusanthula kwa LCA molingana ndi ISO 14040-2006 (cradle-to-manda, unit yogwira ntchito: 1㎡ gulu la uchi) ziwonetsero:

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu popanga ndi 280kWh (kuphatikizapo aluminiyumu smelting, kugudubuka, ndi kupanga), chomwe chiri 46% otsika kuposa mafelemu achitsulo (520kWh) ndi 67% otsika kuposa a carbon fiber zisa mapanelo (850kWh);
• Kutulutsa kwa Carbon: Kutulutsa kwathunthu kwa CO₂ ndi 12kg, chomwe chiri 57% otsika kuposa mafelemu achitsulo (28kg) ndi 73% otsika kuposa a carbon fiber zisa mapanelo (45kg) (Kupanga mpweya wa kaboni kumafuna acrylonitrile oxidation, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wambiri wa carbon);
• Kubwezeretsanso: Aluminiyamu zojambulazo zikhoza kukhala 100% zobwezerezedwanso ndi kusungunuka, ndi zobwezereranso mphamvu mowa kokha 5% aluminiyamu yoyamba (Gb / t 27690-2011). Kubwezeretsanso kutha 10 zaka zitha kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO₂ ndi 8kg/㎡, kutsata kufunikira kwa carbon footprint (≤100kg CO₂eq/kWh) ya EU New Battery Regulation (2023/1542).