Chate ea Aluminium Alloy Series: 1xxx ho 8xxx E hlalositsoe
Nomoro e nang le linomoro tse 'ne ho tlhaloso ea aluminium ha e na mabaka. Nomoro ea pele e u bolella ntho e ka sehloohong ea alloying, 'me ka hona boholo ba seo u lokelang ho se tseba mabapi le hore na tšepe e itšoara joang.
Ithute letoto lena 'me u ka sheba kereiti eo u sa e tsebeng 'me u noha sebopeho sa eona - hore na e tla cheseha, hore na e tla corrode, hore na e ka phekoloa ka mocheso, le hore na e matla hakae.
Tsamaiso ea letoto ha u habanya
| Letoto la letoto la | Ntho e ka sehloohong ea alloying | Mocheso o tšoarella | Ho itlhopakisa | Matla a tloaelehileng |
| 1xxx | Ha ho letho - ≥99% aluminium | Che | E kgabane | Tlase |
| 2xxx | Koporo | Ho joalo | Mafutsana | Phahameng haholo |
| 3xxx | Manganese | Che | E ntle | Tlas'a-bohareng |
| 4xxx | Silicone | Ba bang | E ntle | Metsi a mahareng |
| 5xxx | Magnesium | Che | E kgabane | Metsi a mahareng |
| 6xxx | Magnesium + silicon | Ho joalo | E ntle | Mahareng–hodimo |
| 7xxx | Zinki | Ho joalo | E lokileng | Phahameng haholo |
| 8xxx | Tse ling (hangata Fe, Li, kapa foil e khethehileng) | E fapana | E fapana | E fapana |
1xxx - aluminium e hloekileng ea khoebo
Sebopeho: ≥99.00% aluminium, ha ho kenyelletso e kholo ea ka boomo.
| Keletso | Bohloeki | Sebopeho |
| 1050 | ≥99.50% | Excellent formability le conductivity; bonolo |
| 1060 | ≥99.60% | E hloekile hanyane; conductivity e babatsehang |
| 1070 | ≥99.70% | Bohloeki bo phahameng |
| 1100 | ≥99.00% | E matla hanyane (e nyane Cu), tshebetso e babatsehang |
| 1145 | ≥99.45% | Limaraka tsa foil |
| 1235 | ≥99.35% | Foil le sephutheloana tenyetsehang |
Sebopeho: bonolo, e bopehileng haholo, e babatsehang motlakase le mogote conductivity, khanyetso e ntle haholo, e sa phekoleheng mocheso, Matla a tlase.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: foil le ho paka, Lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, li-conductor tsa motlakase le li-busbar, Motheo oa mocheso, sekoaelo se huloang ka botebo, lisebelisoa tse bonahatsang le ho khabisa, foil ea pokello ea betri ea hajoale.
Khetha 1xxx neng o hloka conductivity, boholo ba sebopeho, kapa ho hanyetsa ho bola, le matla hase eona ntho e tlang pele.
2xxx - koporo
Sebopeho: koporo joalo ka tlatsetso e ka sehloohong (hangata 3–6%).
| Keletso | Hlokomela |
| 2024 | Alloy ea khale ea sefofane; matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa mokhathala o motle |
| 2011 | Ho sebetsa ka bolokolohi |
| 2014 / 2017 | Matla a phahameng a forging le sebopeho |
Sebopeho: mocheso o phekolehang, matla a phahameng haholo, tshebetso e ntle ya mokhathala - empa ho se mame ho fokola 'me ka kakaretso tjheseletsa e fokolang. Hangata e apesoa kapa e pentiloe bakeng sa tšireletso.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: meaho ea lifofane, lintho tse etsang sefofane, likarolo tse entsoeng ka matla a holimo, lisebelisoa tsa sesole.
Tlhokomeliso: ka kakaretso e qojoa libakeng tsa leoatle le meahong e cheselitsoeng. Hape anodizes hampe - ha e loketse bakeng sa ho khabisa anodizing.
3xxx - manganese
Sebopeho: manganese joalo ka tlatsetso ea mantlha (hangata 1.0–1.5%).
| Keletso | Hlokomela |
| 3003 | Alloy ea sepheo se akaretsang sa 3xxx |
| 3004 | Matla a phahameng; 'mele ea senokoane |
| 3105 | Lihlahisoa tsa ho haha, marulelo, ho ipata |
Sebopeho: e sa phekoleheng mocheso, matla a itekanetseng (hoo e ka bang 20% e matla ho feta 1xxx), formability e babatsehang le weldability, Ho hanyetsa ho tsitsipana.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: Lijana tsa ho pheha, makotikoti a seno, Motheo oa mocheso, marulelo le mahlakoreng, Lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, Mosebetsi oa tšepe oa tšepe oa tšepe.
4xxx - silicon
Sebopeho: silicon e le tlatsetso e ka sehloohong.
Sebopeho: e theola ntlha ya ho qhibidiha, e ntlafatsa mokelikeli. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa e le tjheseletsa le brazing filler eseng joalo ka sehlahisoa se entsoeng. Mefuta e meng ea 4xxx e ka phekoleha mocheso; 4li-filler tsa xxx li sebelisoa ka tšepe ea motheo ea 6xxx.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: terata e tjheseletsang le ho tlatsa brazing (4043, 4047), li-piston tse ling le lisebelisoa tse sa senyeheng.
5xxx - magnesium
Sebopeho: magnesium e le tlatsetso e ka sehloohong (hangata 0.5-5.5%).
| Keletso | Magnesium | Hlokomela |
| 5005 | 0.5–1.1% | Architectural anodizing alloy |
| 5052 | 2.2-2.8% | The kakaretso marine le sheet metal alloy |
| 5083 | 4.0-4.9% | Marine ea sebopeho; matla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa |
| 5086 | 3.5-4.5% | Likepe tsa metsing le tsa khatello |
| 5754 | 2.6-3.6% | Likoloi le tse akaretsang |
| 5182 | 4.0–5.0% | Seno se ka fela |
Sebopeho: e sa phekoleheng mocheso, matla a mahareng ho isa hodimo ho tloha ho matlafatso ya tharollo e tiileng, kgahlanong le kutu e babatsehang ho kenyeletswa le tsa metsing, Ho Teba Hantle, sebopeho se setle ka maikutlo a bonolo.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: meaho ya lewatleng le moaho wa dikepe, mmele wa koloi, Likepe tsa khatello, lisebelisoa tsa cryogenic, Likhatiso tsa Li-Archiqulal, Signage, Cookware, e ka fella.
Khetha 5xxx neng o hloka corrosion resistance plus weldability. Ena ke letoto la likepe le lipalangoang.
6xxx - magnesium le silicon
Sebopeho: magnesium le silicon, ho theha Mg₂Si, e etsang hore letoto la mocheso le phekolehe.
| Keletso | Hlokomela |
| 6061 | Alloy ea sebopeho sa sepheo se akaretsang |
| 6063 | Li-extrusions tsa meralo; anodizing e ntle haholo |
| 6082 | Sebopeho sa Europe se lekanang; e sebelisoang haholo Europe |
| 6005 / 6005A | Li-extrusions tsa sebopeho |
Sebopeho: mocheso o phekolehang (T6 ke boemo bo tloaelehileng), matla a mahareng ho isa hodimo, Ho hanyetsa ho tsitsipana, Mechine e metle, ho se be teng hantle (leha matla a theoha sebakeng sa weld), extrudability e babatsehang.
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: dikarolo tsa sebopeho le extrusions, liforeimi tsa meralo le lebota la likharetene, likarolo tsa koloi, liforeimi tsa libaesekele, likarolo tse entsoeng ka mochini, piping, lisebelisoa tsa metsing.
Khetha 6xxx neng o hloka mocheso o phekolehang, e khonahalang, extrudable structural alloy e nang le thepa e ntle e pota-potileng. 6061 ke motsoako oa aluminium o sebelisoang haholo ho fetisisa boenjiniere bo akaretsang.
7xxx - zinki
Sebopeho: zinki e le tlatsetso e ka sehloohong, hangata ka magnesium le koporo.
| Keletso | Hlokomela |
| 7075 | Alloy ea aluminium e matla ka ho fetesisa; sefofane |
| 7005 | E chesehang, se sebedisoang ho diforeime tsa dibaesekele le dithuthuthu |
| 7050 / 7150 | Letlapa la sepakapaka le lifofu |
Sebopeho: mocheso o phekolehang, matla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a fumanehang ka aluminium e entsoeng, empa ho na le ho hanyetsa ha kutu ho tsoa ho ho futsaneha 'me hangata ho fokola ha ho chesoa (ntle le mekhelo joalo ka 7005).
E sebelisoa bakeng sa: meaho ea lifofane, likarolo tse phahameng tsa sefofane, thepa ya dipapadi ya maemo a hodimo, likopo tsa sesole.
Tlhokomeliso: e tshoarolloang ke khatello ea maikutlo ho bola ho petsoha ka maikutlo a itseng; anodizes hampe; hangata ha e khetheloe litšebeletso tsa metsing.
8xxx - likarolo tse ling
Letoto la li-alloys tse sa kengoang libakeng tse ling. Ka foil, limaraka tsa 8xxx li har'a tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.
| Keletso | Sebopeho | Sebelisa |
| 8011 | Al-fe-a ke | The workhorse ambalaji foil motsoako - ntlo foil, ka foil, Sekoaelo sa meriana sa PTP, likatiba tsa botlolo |
| 8021 | Al-fe-a ke, tlase haholo Si | Foil ea meriana e batang, li-laminates tse nang le lithibelo tse phahameng |
| 8079 | Al-fe-a ke, tlase Si/Mn | Lijo tse nang le lithibelo tse phahameng le foil ea meriana, li-laminates tse nyane |
| 8006 | Al-Fe-Mn | Setshelo le foil ea ho paka |
| 8090 / 8xxx Li limaraka | Aluminium-lithium | Sepakapaka, mabenyane a tlase |
Phapang ea bohlokoa ka hare ho limaraka tsa 8xxx foil ke bohloeki ba lintho tse nyane. 8011 e lumella silicon le manganese ho feta, ho etsa hore e be matla le ho theko e tlase. 8021 le 8079 thibela, ho fana ka ductility e betere, li-pinholes tse fokolang le mokoallo o betere - ke ka lebaka leo li sebelisetsoang ho etsa serame le lits'ebetso tse thibelang haholo.
Ho bala litlhaloso tsa khalefo
Sehlongoana ka mor'a mophato se hlalosa boemo ba phekolo:
| Sehlongoamane | Tlhaloso |
| F | Joalo ka ha e entsoe |
| O | Annealed - bonolo ka ho fetisisa, boholo ba sebopeho |
| H | Mathata a thatafetse (ka nomoro ea bobeli bakeng sa degree, 'me ka linako tse ling karolo ea boraro bakeng sa botsitso) |
| H1x | Mathata a thatafala feela |
| H2x | Mathata a thatafetse 'me a fokotsehile hanyenyane |
| H3x | Mathata a thatafetse mme a tsitsitse |
| H12 / H14 / H16 / H18 | Kotara / halofo / kotara tse tharo / e tletseng ka thata |
| H32 / H34 | Mathata a thatafetse 'me a tsitsitse - bohale ba leoatleng |
| T | Ho phekoloa ka mocheso (phekolo ea mocheso) |
| T4 | Tharollo e tšoaroa le ho tsofala ka tlhaho |
| T5 | E pholile ho tloha ho thehoa le ho tsofala ka mokhoa oa maiketsetso |
| T6 | Tharollo tšoaroa le artificially ba tsofetseng - tlhōrō matla |
| T651 | T6 hammoho le khatello ea maikutlo ka ho otlolla |
Molaetsa o sebetsang: bakeng sa li-alloys tse sa phekoleheng ka mocheso (1xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx) o tla bona feela O le H halefa. Bakeng sa li-alloys tse phekolehang mocheso (2xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx) o tla bona T temps.
Tataiso ea khetho e potlakileng
| Haeba u hloka… | Letoto la letoto la | Kereiti e tloaelehileng |
| Boholo ba sebopeho kapa conductivity | 1xxx | 1050, 1060 |
| Sephutheloana sa foil, sepheo se akaretsang | 8xxx | 8011 |
| Foil e nang le lithibelo tse phahameng kapa e batang | 8xxx | 8079, 8021 |
| Kakaretso lakane tšepe, matla a itekanetseng | 3xxx | 3003 |
| Marine corrosion resistance | 5xxx | 5052 |
| Marine ea sebopeho | 5xxx | 5083 |
| Kakaretso ya sebopeho, e khonahalang | 6xxx | 6061 |
| Extrusion ea meralo, anodizing | 6xxx | 6063 |
| Boholo ba matla | 7xxx | 7075 |
| Sebopeho sa sepakapaka | 2xxx / 7xxx | 2024, 7075 |
LBH
Nomoro ea pele ea sehlopha sa aluminium e bolela eng? The principal alloying element: 1 = e hloekileng, 2 = koporo, 3 = manganese, 4 = silicon, 5 = magnesium, 6 = magnesium + silicon, 7 = zinki, 8 = tse ling.
Ke letoto lefe la aluminium le matla ka ho fetisisa? 7xxx (zinki), eteletsoeng pele ke 7075, e fana ka matla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a aluminium e entsoeng. 2xxx (koporo) e boetse e matla haholo.
Ke letoto lefe le nang le khanyetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea kutu? 1xxx le 5xxx. 5xxx (haholoholo 5052, 5083, 5086) e kopanya khanyetso ea kutu le matla a molemo, ke ka hona e laolang mesebetsi ya metsing.
Na aluminium eohle e ka phekoloa mocheso? Che. 2xxx, 6xxx le 7xxx li ka phekoleha mocheso. 1xxx, 3xxx le 4xxx ha li joalo - li fumana matla feela ka ho thatafatsa mosebetsi (O halefile).
Phapano ke efe pakeng tsa 6061 le 6063? 6061 ke motsoako oa kakaretso oa sebopeho o nang le matla a holimo le machinability e betere. 6063 ke motsoako oa meralo oa extrusion o nang le pheletso e ntle ea bokaholimo le karabelo e phahameng ea anodizing.
Hobaneng ba 8011, 8021 le 8079 tsohle li sebelisoa bakeng sa foil? Tsohle ke li-alloys tsa Al-Fe-Si, empa li fapane ka hore na likaroloana tse nyenyane li thibetsoe ka thata. 8011 e lumella ho feta silicon le manganese - matla, theko e tlase. 8021 le 8079 ba hloekileng - ho feta ductile, likoti tse fokolang, mokoallo molemo.
T6 e bolela'ng? Tharollo mocheso tšoaroa ka nako eo artificially tsofetse ho tlhōrō matla. E sebetsa feela ho li-alloys tse phekolehang mocheso.
Ke alloy efe eo ke lokelang ho e khetha bakeng sa welding? 5xxx (5052, 5083) welds molemo ka ho fetisisa 'me e boloka matla a joalokaha-welded. 6xxx e cheseha ka mokhoa o amohelehang empa e lahleheloa ke matla sebakeng se anngoeng ke mocheso. 2xxx le 7xxx hangata li futsanehile.
Ha u na bonnete ba hore na u hloka letoto lefe?
Re romelle kopo ea hau, tikoloho, mokgoa wa ho etsa le tlhokeho ya matla. Re tla khothaletsa letoto le sehlopha - 'me re u bolelle hore na alloy e theko e tlase e tla etsa mosebetsi.