Anodizing mokhoa oa phekolo ea aluminium holim'a metsi

Pheko esale pele

Ho sa tsotellehe hore na ke mokhoa ofe o sebelisoang ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium le lihlahisoa, ho tla ba le litšila le likoli holim'a metsi ka tekanyo e fapaneng, joalo ka lerole, li-oxide tsa tšepe (lifilimi tsa tlhaho kapa tsa aluminium oxide tse entsoeng ka mocheso o phahameng), oli e setseng, matšoao a asphalt, maiketsetso Ho jara seretse (likarolo tse kholo ke li-acid tse mafura le naetrojene

1. Oxalic acid e na le anodizing

Boholo ba lintlha tse amang sulfuric acid anodization le tsona li sebetsa ho oxalic acid anodization, e ka sebedisang motlakase o otlolohileng, alternate current, kapa boemo bo ka holimo ba hona joale le bo tobileng ba hona joale. Tlas'a maemo a tšoanang, filimi e fumanoeng ka ho chenchana ha oxidation ea hona joale e bonolo ebile e fokola haholo; oxidation e tobileng ea hona joale e na le tšekamelo ea ho senya likoti, empa ho fapanyetsana ha oxidation hona joale ho ka e thibela. Ka keketseho ea likarolo tsa hona joale tse fapanyetsanang, khanyetso ea kutu ea filimi ea eketseha, empa 'mala oa teba , thepa ea mebala e mpe ho feta filimi ea sulfuric acid. Khatello ea mahala ea oxalic acid ho electrolyte ke 3%-10%, ka kakaretso 3%-5%. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea oxidation, e mong le e mong A. h e ja hoo e ka bang 0.13-0.14g, ha e mong le e mong A. h Ho na le 0.08-0.09g ea aluminium e qhibilihisitsoeng ka har'a electrolyte ho hlahisa aluminium oxalate, e hlokang ho jeoa 5 makhetlo a mangata ho feta oxalic acid. Aluminium ion concentration ka tharollong e laoloa ka tlase ho 20g/L, le ha e na le 30g/L aluminium, tharollo e tla hloleha. Oxalic acid electrolyte e ameha haholo ho chloride. Ha anodizing e hloekileng aluminium kapa aluminium motsoako, boleng ba chloride ha boa lokela ho feta 0.04-0.02g/L, ka ho latellana. Tharollo e lokiselitsoe hantle ka metsi a hloekileng. Ha mocheso oa electrolyte o ntse o eketseha, filimi e ba mosesaane. Ho fumana lifilimi tse teteaneng, pH ea tharollo e lokela ho phahamisoa. Anodizing ea hona joale e tobileng e sebelisa loto, graphite kapa tšepe e sa hloekang joalo ka lekhalo, 'me karo-karolelano ea sebaka sa eona ho anode e pakeng tsa (1:2)-(1:1). Oxalic acid ke asiti e fokolang e nang le solubility e tlase. Ha aluminium e oxidized, sehlahisoa le electrolyte li tlameha ho pholile. Botenya le 'mala oa filimi ea oxalic acid li fapana ho ea ka sebopeho sa motsoako. Botenya ba filimi ea aluminium e hloekileng bo mosehla kapa bosoeu bo bosoeu, athe botenya ba filimi ea alloy bo tebile joalo ka mosehla le koporo. Ka mor'a oxidation, lera la filimi le hloekisoa. Haeba e sa dauoa, e ka tiisoa ka mouoane ka khatello ea 3.43 × 10 4 Pa khatello ea 30-60 metsotso.

2. Chromic acid anodizing

Ts'ebetso ea chromic acid anodizing e bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 4. Tlhahlobo ea ho tsepamisa mohopolo e lokela ho etsoa khafetsa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea oxidation, 'me anhydride ea chromic e lokela ho eketsoa ka nako. Thepa ea cathode bakeng sa electrolysis e ka ba loto, Iron, ts'epe e sa beng le mabali, le molemo ka ho fetisisa sebaka karo-karolelano ea anode ho cathode ke (5:1)-(10:1). Ha ho na le li-ion tse ngata tse tharo tsa chromium tharollong, ba ka oxidized ho hexavalent chromium ion ka electrolysis. Haeba litaba tsa sulfate ka tharollo li feta 0.5%, phello ea anodic oxidation ha e ntle. Ha ion ea sulfate e telele, barium hydroxide kapa barium carbonate e ka eketsoa ho theha pula ea barium sulfate. Lintho tsa chloride ka har'a tharollo ha lia lokela ho feta 0.2g/L. Ha litaba tsa chromium ka tharollong li feta 70g/L, tharollo e lokela ho hlapolloa kapa ho nkeloa sebaka. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mokhoa oa chromic acid anodizing, mokhoa oa anodizing oa phetoho ea potoloho ea motlakase kapa mokhoa oa kamehla oa anodizing oa voltage (mokhoa o potlakileng oa chromic acid).

3. Ka thata (filimi e teteaneng) anodizing

Hard anodizing ke mokhoa oa ts'ebetso oa ho etsa filimi e teteaneng le e thata ea oxide holim'a aluminium le alloys ea aluminium.. Botenya bo boholo ba filimi e thata bo ka fihla ho 250μm, microhardness ea filimi e entsoeng ka aluminium e hloekileng ke 12000-15000MPa, 'me motsoako ka kakaretso ke 4000-6000MPa, e batlang e tšoana le ea ho roala chrome e thata, 'me li na le khanyetso e ntle ea ho apara ha li lumellana hantle. , porosity ea filimi e thata e mabapi le 20%, e ka tlase ho ya filimi e tlwaelehileng ya sulfuric acid. Mekhoa e meng e thata ea anodizing e bontšoa ho Lethathamo-7.
Letlapa-7 Mokhoa o thata oa anodizing

Che. Mocheso oa elektrolyte/(A/dm2) Matla a ho qala le a ho qetela/V Nako/min Botenya ba filimi/μm

qala motlakase oa ho qetela oa motlakase

1 15% sulfuric acid + 14-+4.4 2-2.1 26 120 90 50
2 15% boric acid, 4%Na2HC6H5O7 +60-+70 0.4-0.6 100 300 240 200
3 10% sulfuric acid+10 250W/dm2 15-25 80 60 10-130
4 15% Asiti ea sulfuric-1-+4.5 2-2.5 25-30 40-60 60-240 28-150
5 10% Asiti ea sulfuric +8-+10 25 60 60 25-60
6 10%-15% Asiti ea sulfuric0 -+4 5 AC 10-12 60-70
DC 20-24 120-140
7 6%-8% Oxalic acid dihydrate Maemo a fapana ho latela motsoako
8 6%-7% sulfuric acid+3% -6% organic additive+ 4.5-+18+4.5-+18 1.3-2 10 150 40 65
9 10%-20% Asiti ea sulfuric-6-+10 30 280 160 115-150
10 10%-15% Asiti ea sulfuric +8 4 20-25 60 60 55 -80
11 5.5% asiti ea formic, 8% oxalic acid e na le dihydrate +15-+25 3-6 45 90 100-250

4. Porcelain anodizing

Porcelain aluminium ea anodizing 'me metsoako ea aluminium e tšeloa ka letsoai la titanium, letsoai la zirconium kapa tharollo ea letsoai la bathorium ea oxalic acid, citric acid le boric acid, 'me hydroxide ea tšepe ea letsoai ka tharollo e kena ka li-pores tsa filimi ea oxide, e le hore bokaholimo ba sehlahisoa bo bonts'e Phekolo e nang le enamel e opaque le e teteaneng kapa ponahalo e kang ea polasetiki e nang le khanya e khethehileng.. Ts'ebetso ea anodizing ea porcelain ha e le hantle e tšoana le ea anodizing e tloaelehileng ea sulfuric acid.. Phapang ke hore porcelain anodizing e etsoa ka matla a phahameng a DC (115-125V) le mocheso o phahameng oa tharollo (50-60 degrees), 'me electrolyte e atisa ho tsosoa. , Hangata fetola boleng ba pH ho e etsa ka har'a mefuta e fapaneng ea 1.6-2.

Phekolo ea ho daea

Mokhoa oa 'mala oa lik'hemik'hale o na le melemo ea ts'ebetso e bonolo, taolo e bonolo, bokgabane bo phahameng, theko e tlase, letsete la thepa e tlaase, bophara ba mmala wa gamut le mmala o kganyang. Leha ho le joalo, lihlahisoa tsa sebaka se seholo li atisa ho ba le mebala e sa tšoaneng, bonolo ho decolorize ka mor'a ho hloekisa, tiiso e fosahetseng, kapa tshenyo ya motjhini. . 'Mala oa lik'hemik'hale oa filimi ea anodized ea aluminium e thehiloe holim'a bokhoni ba lera la filimi ea porous ho monya dae joalo ka likhoele tsa masela.. Ka kakaretso, bophara ba pore ea filimi ea anodized ke 0.01-0.03μm, ’me dae e aroloa ka limolek’hule tse le ’ngoe metsing, ka bophara ba 0.0015-0.0030μm. Nakong ea mebala, dae e adsorbed ka holim'a masoba 'me ea atoloha ebe e bokellana ka har'a masoba.. Lera la lera le mebala ka ho kopanya ionic le hydrogen bonding, 'me dae e tsitsitsoe ka har'a masoba ka mor'a ho tiisoa.

(1) Ho daea ka lidae tsa tlhaho

1. Khetho ea
dae Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lidae tse entsoeng ka tlhaho , 'me lidae li khethoa ho latela ts'ebeliso e fapaneng le limaraka tsa sehlahisoa. Ka mohlala, lidae tsa vat tse qhibilihang li theko e boima 'me li na le mebala e metle haholo, kahoo li sebelisoa haholo ho daea lihlahisoa tsa aluminium tsa boemo bo holimo tse kang lipene tsa khauta, li-lighters, le dithusakutlo; lidae tse qhibilihang ka joala li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho daea ka foil ea aluminium; lidae tse qhibilihang ka oli li sebelisoa bakeng sa khatiso ea foil ea aluminium. Qhala ka nitrocellulose pele o sebelisoa E ka sebelisoa ka li-varnish tse kang thota, vinyl kapa polyamide resin, kapa ka melamine resin le epoxy resin e qhibilihisitsoeng ka li-varnish tsa ho baka. Ka mor'a ho hatisa, filimi ea resin e nang le dae e thehoa holim'a foil e hloekisitsoeng ea aluminium. Mefuta ea lidae e sebelisetsoang ho daea lihlahisoa tsa aluminium e kenyelletsa lidae tsa asiti, lidae tse rarahaneng tsa acid, lidae tse nang le acid, lidae tse tobileng, lidae tse fokolang tsa asiti, qhala didae, li-dyes tse qhibilihang, lidae tse sebetsang, lidae tsa motheo, lidae tse qhibilihang ka joala, lidae tse qhibilihang ka oli, etc. .

2. Mokhoa oa 'mala oa dae oa Organic le taolo

(1) Ho daea ka monochromatic: Kenya lihlahisoa tsa aluminium tse entsoeng ka anodized le tse hlatsoitsoeng ka har'a tharollo ea dae ka mocheso o itseng. Nako ea ho daea e itšetlehile ka botebo ba 'mala, le dae bath bophahamo ba modumo ka laoloa ka karo-karolelano ea 10 ho bophahamo ba sehlahisoa: 1.

(2) Ho daea mebala e mengata: Haeba mebala e 'meli kapa ho feta e fapaneng e dauoa likarolong tsa aluminium, joalo ka libaka tsa naha, lipalesa le linonyana, mesebetsi, litlhaku, etc., mokhoa oa khatiso o sebelisoa haholo ho phethela poleiti ea khatiso. phetolelo) le mofuta oa skrine, mokhoa oa ho hatisa ka ho toba, penta mokhoa o thibelang ho daea, mokhoa oa ho daea foam, etc. e ka sebelisoa. Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ke hore ka mor'a ho daea 'mala oa pele, sebelisa mohlala ho hatisa filimi ea pente e sireletsang karolong e hlokang ho tlohela 'mala, mme o tlose mmala o setseng, le ea bobeli, mebala ea boraro le ho feta e ka fumanoa ka papiso. Maemo a ho daea le maemo a ts'ebetso ea lidae tse fapaneng tsa manyolo a bonts'itsoe ho Lethathamo-9.

Colour dae name concentration g/L mocheso 0C pH value time min

Aludye Black HBK 8-10 50-60 5.5-6 15-30
MBK e ntšo 8-10 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
MRL e ntšo 10-12 50-60 5.0-6.0 5-30
BBK e ntšo 10-12 50 -60 5.0-6.0 15-30
Black DG 10 55-60 6.0-7.0 10-30
Ntsho WAL 10-12 50-55 6.0-7.0 15-30
MLW e ntšo 8-12 50-60 4.2-4.8 5-30
Aludye Red Big Red A 2-5 50-60 5-5.5 5-10
E Kholo e Khubelu ea D4BS <25 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-10
Bofubelu bo bofubelu bo khanyang ba MB 0.5-5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
Khubelu B 2-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
E khubelu D4B 2 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-10
E khubelu SBR <3 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-10
FRB e khubelu 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
Bokhubelu bo Khanyang 3B 1- 2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
E khubelu MBES 1-2 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
E Kholo E Khubelu MBES 1-2 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
E khubelu RBL 2 55-60 4.5-5.0 5-15
PBL e khubelu 2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
CFB e khubelu 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-15
Bofubelu ba FPR bo Phahameng 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
Kholo e Khōlō e Khōlō FAR Phahameng e Phahameng 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Pinki BN 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-15
Aludye Purple Violet VB <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
Pherese MFBL <5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
Purple RVB <5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
Pherese MBB <5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
Burgundy BL 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
Aludye Brown Brown BRL <2 50-60 4.5-5.0 5-15
Brown CFA 0.5-2 55-60 4.5-5.5 5-15
Brown THM 0.5-5 55-60 5.0 -6.0 5-10
Brown BM 0.5-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
Brown GL 0.5-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
Brown KBL 1-5 55-60 5.5-6.5 5-15
Red Brown AG 0.1-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Yellow Brown ASG 0.2-2 56-60 4.5-5.0 5-10
Aludye Green Green BGLN <2 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
Green RGS 1-9 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-15
Botala 5GM <2 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
M6B e tala <2 50-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
Green ABGL <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
Green DB 0.5-2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
A3GM e tala 2-5 55-60 6.0- 7.0 5-15
Aludye Yellow FD 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
NTSHA E tshehla 0.2-5 50-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
DRL e mosehla 0.5-2 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-10
Yellow GR 0.2-2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
DGL e mosehla 0.2-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Yellow 3RF 0.5-5 55-60 4.5-5.5 5-10
YBL e mosehla 0.2-2 50-55 5.0 – 5.5 5-15 Bosehla
setloholo 0.5-2 55-60 5.5-6.5 5-10
2GL e mosehla 1-2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
GLL e mosehla <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
Bosehla bo Khanyang ALNW 1-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Aludye Orange Gold D2GL 0.1-2 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-15
Orange GR 0.1-2 50-55 5.5-6.5 5-10
Khauta G 2 27-60 5.5-6.5 1- 10
Orange SRL 2-5 50-55 5.5-6.5 1-10
Orange BES <2 50-55 4.5-5.5 5-10
Orange GNS 0.5-5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
Aludye Blue Lake Blue AB 1-2 50-55 4.5-5.0 5-15
Blue 2LW 0.5-2 55 5.5-6.0 5-15
Blue GBL 1-2 50-55 4.5-5.5 5-15
Blue 2AL 1-2 50-55 4.5 5-15
Navy Blue NBL 1-2 55 5.8 5-15
Turquoise Blue GB 0.5-2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-15
Aludye Gray Grey MBL 0.5-2 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-10
BRL e bohlooho 0.5-1 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Grey 2BL 0.1-1 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
Grey ABL 0.5-10 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-20
Grey GBL 0.5-2 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-10
Gray VA 0.5-1 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
Grey G2RC 1-10 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-15
Grey GR 1-10 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
Grey GL 2-5 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-10
Aludye Bronze Bronze 2LW 2-5 55-60 4.0- 5.0 5-10