Shaxda Taxanaha Aluminium Alloy Chart: 1xxx ilaa 8xxx La Sharaxay
Nambarka afar-god ah ee ku jira qeexida aluminiumku maaha mid aan sabab lahayn. Nambarka kowaad wuxuu kuu sheegayaa curiyaha alloying-ka, iyo sidaas darteed inta badan waxa aad u baahan tahay inaad ka ogaato sida birta u dhaqmo.
Baro taxanaha oo waxaad eegi kartaa darajada aadan aqoon oo waxaad saadaalisaa dabeecadiisa - haddii ay alxanayso, haddii ay daxaloobayso, haddii kulayl lagu daweyn karo, iyo qiyaas ahaan sida ay u xoog badan tahay.
Nidaamkii taxanaha ahaa eegno
| Taxan | element Alloying element | Daaweynta kuleylka | Iska caabista xasaasiyadda | Xoogga caadiga ah |
| 1XXX | Midna - ≥99% aluminium | Maya | Aad u fiican | Hooseeya |
| 2XXX | Copper | Haa | Miskiin | Aad u sarreeya |
| 3XXX | Manganese | Maya | Wacan | Hoose-dhexe |
| 4XXX | Silikoon | Qaar | Wacan | Heer dhexe ah |
| 5XXX | Magnesium | Maya | Aad u fiican | Heer dhexe ah |
| 6XXX | Magnesium + silikon | Haa | Wacan | Dhexdhexaad-sare |
| 7XXX | Zinc | Haa | Xaqiiq ah | Aad u sarreeya |
| 8XXX | Kale (inta badan Fe, Li, ama foil-gaar ah) | Kala duwan | Kala duwan | Kala duwan |
1xxx - aluminium ganacsi ahaan saafi ah
Halabuurka: ≥99.00% aluminium, ma jiro ku darsasho weyn oo ula kac ah.
| Heer u qaybin | Daahir | Dabeecad |
| 1050 | ≥99.50% | qaabayn heer sare ah iyo conductivity; jilicsan |
| 1060 | ≥99.60% | Waxoogaa saafi ah; wanaagga aad u wanaagsan |
| 1070 | ≥99.70% | Daahir sare |
| 1100 | ≥99.00% | Xoogaa ka xoog badan (yar Cu), karti shaqo oo aad u fiican |
| 1145 | ≥99.45% | buundooyinka foil |
| 1235 | ≥99.35% | Fool iyo baakad dabacsan |
Dabeecad: jilicsan, aad u qaabaysan, koronto iyo kulayl aad u fiican, caabbinta ugu sareysa, kulayl aan la daweyn karin, xoog hooseeya.
loo isticmaalo: bireed iyo baakad, Qalabka kiimikada, kirishbooyada iyo baska, kuleylka kuleylka, weel qoto dheer leh, codsiyada milicsiga iyo qurxinta, bireed ururiyaha hadda batari.
Dooro 1xxx marka waxaad u baahan tahay conductivity, qaabaynta ugu badan, ama iska caabbinta daxalka, xoogna maaha mudnaanta.
2xxx - maar
Halabuurka: naxaasta oo ah isku darka ugu muhiimsan (sida caadiga ah 3-6%).
| Heer u qaybin | Qorid |
| 2024 | Daawaha aerospace Classic; xoog sare, iska caabin daal wanaagsan |
| 2011 | Free-machining |
| 2014 / 2017 | Forgings xoog-sare leh iyo qaab-dhismeed |
Dabeecad: kulaylka la daweyn karo, xoog aad u sarreeya, waxqabadka daalka wanaagsan - laakiin iska caabin daxalka liidata iyo guud ahaan weldability liidata. Caadiyan xirashada ama rinji ilaalinta.
loo isticmaalo: qaababka diyaaradaha, aerospace forgings, qaybaha mashiinada xoogga sare, qalab ciidan.
Digniin: guud ahaan waa laga fogaadaa deegaanka badda iyo dhismayaasha alxanka leh. Sidoo kale anodizes liidata - kuma habboona anodizing madaxtooyada.
3xxx - manganese
Halabuurka: manganese sida ku-darka ugu muhiimsan (sida caadiga ah 1.0-1.5%).
| Heer u qaybin | Qorid |
| 3003 | Ujeedada guud ee 3xxx |
| 3004 | Xoog sare; maydadka qasaca cabitaanka |
| 3105 | Wax soo saarka dhismaha, saqaf, sugida |
Dabeecad: kulayl aan la daweyn karin, xoog dhexdhexaad ah (qiyaas ahaan 20% ka xoog badan 1xxx), qaabaynta wanaagsan iyo weldability, iska caabin ah iska caabbinta.
loo isticmaalo: maacuunta karinta, gasacadaha cabitaanka, kuleylka kuleylka, saqafka iyo saqafka, Qalabka kiimikada, Shaqada Guud ee Birta.
4xxx - silikoon
Halabuurka: silikoon sida ku-darka maamulaha.
Dabeecad: hoos u dhiga barta dhalaalka, waxay hagaajisaa dareeraha. Sida hore loo isticmaalo alxanka iyo buuxinta brazing halkii aad ka ahaan lahayd alaab la farsameeyey. Qaar ka mid ah darajooyinka 4xxx waa kuleyl la daweyn karo; 4Buuxiyeyaasha xxx waxa loo isticmaalaa bir salka 6xxx.
loo isticmaalo: silig alxanka iyo buuxinta brazing (4043, 4047), qaar ka mid ah pistons iyo codsiyada xidhashada u adkaysta.
5xxx - magnesium
Halabuurka: magnesium sida ku-darka ugu muhiimsan (sida caadiga ah 0.5-5.5%).
| Heer u qaybin | Magnesium | Qorid |
| 5005 | 0.5-1.1% | Daawaha anodizing Architectural |
| 5052 | 2.2-2.8% | Daawaynta guud ee badda iyo biraha xaashida |
| 5083 | 4.0-4.9% | Dhismaha badda; xoogga ugu sarreeya |
| 5086 | 3.5-4.5% | Maraakiibta badda iyo cadaadiska |
| 5754 | 2.6-3.6% | Gawaarida iyo guud ahaan |
| 5182 | 4.0-5.0% | Cabbitaanku wuu dhammaan karaa |
Dabeecad: kulayl aan la daweyn karin, dhexdhexaad-ilaa-sare xoog laga bilaabo xoojinta-xalka adag, iska caabin daxalka aad u fiican oo ay ku jiraan badda, Dhaqdhaqaaq aad u fiican, qaabaynta wanaagsan ee xanaaqa jilicsan.
loo isticmaalo: dhismayaasha badda iyo dhismaha doonyaha, meydadka baabuurta, Maraakiibta cadaadiska, codsiyada cryogenic, Qeexida naqshadeeya, saxiix, kariye, wuu dhammaan karaa.
Dooro 5xxx marka waxaad u baahan tahay iska caabin daxalka iyo weldability. Tani waa taxanaha badda iyo gaadiidka.
6xxx - magnesium iyo silikoon
Halabuurka: magnesium iyo silicon, samaynta Mg₂Si, taasoo ka dhigaysa taxanaha kulaylka la daweyn karo.
| Heer u qaybin | Qorid |
| 6061 | Daawaynta qaab-dhismeedka guud-ujeedada |
| 6063 | Extrusion-ka dhismaha; anodizing aad u fiican |
| 6082 | qaab dhismeedka Yurub u dhigma; si weyn looga isticmaalo Yurub |
| 6005 / 6005A | Extrusions qaab dhismeedka |
Dabeecad: kulaylka la daweyn karo (T6 waa xaalad caadi ah), dhexdhexaad-ilaa-sare xoog, iska caabin ah iska caabbinta, mashiinada wanaagsan, weldability wanaagsan (inkasta oo xooggu hoos ugu dhaco aagga alxanka), extrudability aad u fiican.
loo isticmaalo: qaybaha dhismaha iyo extrusions, looxyada dhismaha iyo gidaarka daahyada, qaybaha baabuurta, meeraha baaskiilka, qaybo mashiin, tuubooyinka, qalabka badda.
Dooro 6xxx marka waxaad u baahan tahay kulayl lagu daweyn karo, mashiin karo, daawaha qaab-dhismeedka extrudable leh guryaha wanaagsan oo dhan-wareeg. 6061 waa daawaha aluminium ee loogu isticmaalka badan yahay injineernimada guud.
7xxx - zinc
Halabuurka: zinc sida ku-darka ugu muhiimsan, inta badan oo leh magnesium iyo copper.
| Heer u qaybin | Qorid |
| 7075 | Aluminium aluminium caadiga ah ee ugu xoogga badan; harossi |
| 7005 | Weldable, loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo baaskiilada iyo mootooyinka |
| 7050 / 7150 | saxan hawada sare iyo foornada |
Dabeecad: kulaylka la daweyn karo, awoodaha ugu sarreeya ee laga heli karo aluminium farsamaysan, laakiin iska caabin daxalka cadaalad-ilaa-faqri ah iyo guud ahaan alxanka liidata (marka laga reebo sida 7005).
loo isticmaalo: qaababka diyaaradaha, qaybaha hawada sare ee cadaadiska, alaabada ciyaaraha oo heersare ah, Codsiyada Militariga.
Digniin: u nugushahay stress daxalka dillaaca ee carada qaarkood; anodizes liidata; guud ahaan looma dooran adeegga badda.
8xxx - xubno kale
Taxane-dhammaan-qabasho ah oo loogu talagalay alloys aan meel kale lagu daboolin. In foil, darajooyinka 8xxx waxay ka mid yihiin kuwa ugu muhiimsan adduunka.
| Heer u qaybin | Dabeecad | Isticmaal |
| 8011 | Al-Fe-Si | Alloy bireed baakadaha workhorse - bireed qoyska, foil weelka ah, Daboolka dawooyinka ee PTP, koofiyadaha dhalada |
| 8021 | Al-Fe-Si, aad u hooseeya Si | Foomka-qabow ee dawooyinka, caqabad xasaasi ah |
| 8079 | Al-Fe-Si, hoose Si/Mn | Cunto xannibaad sare leh iyo bireed dawooyinka, laminates khafiif ah |
| 8006 | Al-Fe-Mn | Weel iyo bireed baakadaha |
| 8090 / 8xxx Li darajooyinka | Aluminium-lithium | Hawada hawada, cufnaanta hoose |
Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee gudaha 8xxx buundooyinka foil waa daahirsanaanta curiyayaasha yaryar. 8011 waxay ogolaataa silikoon iyo manganese badan, ka dhigaysa mid xoog badan oo ka jaban. 8021 iyo 8079 iyaga xaddido, siinta ductility wanaagsan, godad yar iyo caqabad ka wanaagsan - taas oo ah sababta loogu isticmaalo samaynta qabowga iyo codsiyada xannibaadda sare..
Akhrinta calaamadaha xanaaqa
Dabagalka darajada kadib ayaa qeexaysa xaalada daawaynta:
| Dabagal | Macnaha |
| F | Sida loo been abuurtay |
| O | Annealed - ugu jilicsan, qaabaynta ugu badan |
| H | Cadaadisku waa adkaaday (oo leh nambar labaad oo loogu talagalay shahaadada, iyo mararka qaarkood saddex meelood meel xasilinta) |
| H1x | Cadaadisku waa engegay oo keliya |
| H2x | Cadaadisku waa engegay oo qayb dhaymo ah |
| H3x | Cadaadisku wuu adkaaday oo xasilay |
| H12 / H14 / H16 / H18 | Rubuc / kala badh / saddex meelood meel / buuxa adag |
| H32 / H34 | Cadaadisku wuu adkaaday oo xasilay - xanaaqa badda |
| T | Kuleyl lagu daweeyay (kulaylka lagu daweeyay) |
| T4 | Xalka la daweeyay oo si dabiici ah u da'a |
| T5 | La qaboojiyey samaynta iyo gabowga macmalka ah |
| T6 | Xalka lagu daweeyay iyo da' macmal ah - xoogga ugu sarreeya |
| T651 | T6 oo lagu daray culeyska dhimista iyadoo la kala bixinayo |
Qoraal wax ku ool ah: daawaha aan kulaylka lagu dawayn karin (1XXX, 3XXX, 5XXX) Waxaad arki doontaa oo kaliya O iyo H xanaaq. Qalabyada kulaylka lagu daweyn karo (2XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX) waxaad arki doontaa xanaaqa T.
Hagaha xulashada degdega ah
| Haddii aad u baahan tahay… | Taxan | Darajada caadiga ah |
| Qaabaynta ama habaynta ugu badan | 1XXX | 1050, 1060 |
| Foolka baakadaha, ujeedada guud | 8XXX | 8011 |
| Fool-xirmo sare ama qaab qabow | 8XXX | 8079, 8021 |
| Biraha xaashida guud, xoog dhexdhexaad ah | 3XXX | 3003 |
| Iska caabin daxalka badda | 5XXX | 5052 |
| Dhismaha badda | 5XXX | 5083 |
| qaabdhismeedka guud, mashiin karo | 6XXX | 6061 |
| extrusion dhismaha, Caano la'aanta | 6XXX | 6063 |
| Awoodda ugu badan | 7XXX | 7075 |
| Qaab dhismeedka hawada sare | 2XXX / 7XXX | 2024, 7075 |
FAQ
Waa maxay macnaha lambarka koowaad ee darajada aluminiumka?? Curiyaha alloying ee ugu muhiimsan: 1 = saafi ah, 2 = maar, 3 = manganese, 4 = silikoon, 5 = magnesium, 6 = magnesium + silikon, 7 = zinc, 8 = mid kale.
Waa kuwee taxanaha aluminium ee ugu xoogan? 7XXX (zinc), ay hogaaminayaan 7075, waxay ku siinaysaa xoogga ugu sarreeya ee aluminium la farsameeyey. 2XXX (maar) sidoo kale waa mid aad u xoog badan.
Taxanehee ayaa iska caabbinta daxalka ugu fiican leh? 1xxx iyo 5xxx. 5XXX (gaar ahaan 5052, 5083, 5086) wuxuu isku daraa caabbinta daxalka leh xoog faa'iido leh, waana sababta ay u maamusho shaqada badda.
Dhammaan aluminiumku ma lagu daweyn karaa kulayl? Maya. 2XXX, 6xxx iyo 7xxx waa kulayl la daweyn karo. 1XXX, 3xxx iyo 4xxx maaha - waxay xoog ku helayaan oo kaliya adkeynta shaqada (H xanaaq).
Waa maxay farqiga u dhexeeya 6061 iyo 6063? 6061 waa daawaha guud ee qaab-dhismeed leh xoog sare iyo farsamo fiican. 6063 waa daawaha extrusion naqshadeed leh dhammayn dusha ka wanaagsan iyo jawaab anodizing sare.
Waa maxay sababta 8011, 8021 iyo 8079 dhammaan loo isticmaalo foil? Dhammaan waa Al-Fe-Si alloys, laakiin waxay ku kala duwan yihiin sida adag ee walxaha yaryar loo xaddiday. 8011 ogolaado silikon iyo manganese badan - xoog badan, ka jaban. 8021 iyo 8079 ayaa ka saafi ah - ka sii daadi, godad yar, caqabad wanaagsan.
Waa maxay macnaha T6? Kulaylka xalku waxa lagu daweeyay si macmal ah oo da' ah ilaa xoogga ugu sarreeya. Waxa ay khusaysaa oo kaliya daawaynta kulaylka lagu daweyn karo.
Alloykee ayaan dooranayaa alxanka? 5XXX (5052, 5083) alxanka sida ugu fiican oo u xajiya xoogga sida alxanka. 6xxx alxanka si la aqbali karo laakiin luminaya xoogga aagga kulaylku saameeyay. 2xxx iyo 7xxx guud ahaan waa liitaan.
Ma hubin taxanaha aad u baahan tahay?
noo soo dir codsigaga, deegaan, habka samaynta iyo baahida xoogga. Waxaan kugula talineynaa taxane iyo darajo - waxaanan kuu sheegi doonaa haddii daawaha ka jaban uu qaban doono shaqada.