Waa maxay sababta 0.07mm aluminium foil panel aluminium u yahay qalab dhisme oo aasaasi ah oo loogu talagalay dhimista qiimaha, waxqabad fiicni & cusboonaysiinta badbaadada ee goobta tamarta cusub?

Waa maxay sababta 0.07mm aluminium foil panel aluminium u yahay qalab dhisme oo aasaasi ah oo loogu talagalay dhimista qiimaha, waxqabad fiicni & cusboonaysiinta badbaadada ee goobta tamarta cusub?

Eco-a. Dhimista Qiimaha & Kobcinta Waxtarka: Falanqaynta Qiimaha Badan ee Miisaanka Leh oo ku salaysan Qalabka-qaab-dhismeedka- Silsiladda Warshadaha

A. Farsamaynta Xoojinta-yar ee Nidaamka Alloy Substrate-ka iyo Hufnaanta Dhismeedka

The 0.07mm bireed aluminium wuxuu qaataa 3003/H18 daawaha adag ee adag, iyo qaabaynta ka kooban ay raacdo habka synergistic ee “Xalka adag xoojinta + culeys adag”:

• Doorka Mn Element: Mn wuxuu sameeyay α-Al(Mn,Fe) wejiyada xalka adag (milmay 0.7%) ee Al matrix, taas oo caqabad ku ah dhaqdhaqaaqa kala-baxa iyada oo loo marayo qalloocinta qulqulka waxayna wanaajisaa caabbinta daxalka. Imtixaanka buufinta milixda ee dhexdhexaadka ah (GB / T 10125-2021, 5% NaCl xal, 35℃, pH 6.5-7.2), wax daxal ah lama arag ka dib 1000 saacadood, leh heerka daxalka ≤0.02mm/sanad—ka sarreeya aluminium saafi ah (0.08mm/sanad);
• Xeerka Mg Element: Farqiga u dhexeeya raadiyaha atamka ee u dhexeeya Mg (1.60Oh) iyo Al (1.43Oh) waxay keentaa kala soocida xadka hadhuudhka, kor u qaadida xoogga isku xidhka xadka hadhuudhka. Awoodda xajintu waxay gaartaa 280-300MPa (GB / T 228.1-2021, xadiga xajinta 5mm/min), taas oo ah 115%-173% ka sarreeya kan 3003 aluminium ee O xanaaq (110-130MPa), siinta taageero farsamo oo loogu talagalay substrate-ka aadka u dhuuban.

Xudunta awllaha malabka waxay qabataa qaab dhismeed laba geesood ah oo joogto ah (dhererka unugyada 8-12mm, saamiga dhumucda derbiga 1:15). Iyada oo ku saleysan qaab-dhismeedka qaabdhismeedka malabka Gibson-Ashby (Gibson, Ashby M F. Qalabyada gacanta: Dhismaha iyo Guryaha[M], 2010), modules laastikada u dhigma waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa:\(E_{eq}=0.34\frac{E_s}{\sqrt{3}}\bidix(\frac{t}{l}\xaq)^2\)xagee \(E_s\) waa modules laastikada ee matrix aluminium (70GPA), t waa dhumucda bireed aluminium, oo l waa dhererka dhinaca unugga. La xisaabiyay \(E_{eq}\) Waxay u dhaxaysaa 2.8GPa ilaa 3.2GPa, oo leh qiime lagu qiyaasay 2.95GPa (leexashada ≤5% laga soo bilaabo qiimaha aragtida). Waxtarka qaab dhismeedka (saamiga xoogga-ilaa-miisaanka) wuxuu gaarayaa 28MN·kg/m³, taas oo ah 15.2% ka sarreeya kan awladaha malabka ee rhombic (24.3MN·kg/m³), iyo saamiga mugga adag waa kaliya 4%. Naqshadeyntani waxay hoos u dhigtaa walxaha aan badnayn iyada oo loo marayo “isu gudbinta xoogga isku midka ah ee u dhexeeya unugyada”. Marka la barbar dhigo batariyada birta ee Q235 (cufnaanta 7.85g/cm³, \(E=206GPa\)), isla qalloocinta hoosteeda (MAYA) shuruud, isticmaalka maadiga ah waxaa la dhimay 72%. Iyada oo ku saleysan 2024 qiimaha aluminium (18,000 RMB/ton) iyo qiimaha birta (5,000 RMB/ton), aagga halbeegga qiimaha alaabta ayaa ka yaraada 32 RMB/㎡ ku 8.96 RMB/㎡.

Habka wax-soo-saarka baaxadda leh ee Hebei Tianyingxing wuxuu qaataa socod-socod saddex heer ah: “1850mm HC lix-mashiin duubis qabow oo sarreeya – foornada nuugista joogtada ah (480℃×30aad) – 16-warshad baas oo maqaarka sare”:

• Marxaladda Wareega Qabow: Wareegid aan sinnayn (farqiga xawaaraha duudduuban shaqada 2.5%) waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu saxo qaabka saxanka iyada oo loo marayo cirridka xiirid ee ay dhaliso farqiga u dhexeeya xawaaraha sare iyo kan hoose. Awoodda duubista waxaa lagu xakameynayaa 200-220kN, iyo saxnaanta duubista waxay gaartaa ± 0.003mm (dhaaftay shuruudaha sare ee saxda ah ee ± 0.005mm GB/T 3880.3-2012);
• Marxaladda Gudbinta Maqaarka: Heerka kacsanaanta (xiisadda 150-180N/mm²) waxaa lagu dabaqaa si loo xakameeyo dulqaadka qaabka saxanka ≤5I (GB / T 13288-2022, dhererka mawjada ≤5mm halkii mitir). Heerka wax-soo-saarku wuxuu gaaraa 92% (8% ka sarreeya warshad dhaqameedka afar-sare ee qaboobaha), iyo isticmaalka tamarta halbeeg kasta waa 120kWh/ton (25% ka hooseeya habraacyada tirtiridda dufcadda), hoos u dhigista kharashka wax soo saarka.

Qaabka Tiro-koobka ee B.Qiimaha Silsiladda-Warshad-buuxa ee Qiimaha Fududeynta

Fududeynta xirmooyinka cusub ee tamarta tamarta waxay raacdaa qaabka isku xidhka toosan ee “dhimista miisaanka – isticmaalka tamarta – ballaarinta baaxadda” (ku salaysan imtixaanada wareegga NEDC, muunadda cabbirka n=50 baabuur, R²=0.98):\(\Delta C = -0.08\Delta m,\quad \Delta R = 0.8\Delta m\)xagee \(\Delta C\) waa isbeddelka ku yimid isticmaalka tamarta 100km (kWh/100km), \(\Delta m\) waa isbeddelka miisaanka xirmada batteriga (kg), iyo \(\Delta R\) waa isbeddelka tirada wadista (km). Marka 0.07mm aluminium aluminium foil panel malabka (cufnaanta 0.38-0.42g/cm³) waxaa loo isticmaalaa xirmooyinka xirmooyinka, marka la barbar dhigo birta Q235 (~ 35kg) iyo 6061 muraayadaha aluminium adag (~22kg), Miisaankiisu wuxuu noqonayaa 11-13kg, oo leh heerka dhimista miisaanka 51.4%-68.6%. Ku beddelka qaabka ayaa ku siinaysa \(\Delta C=-1.8-2.3kWh/100km\) iyo \(\Delta R=15.2-20.4km\). Xaqiijinta tijaabinta wax laga beddelay ee muujinta Model X ee baabuur-sameeyaha qaarkood: baakidhka batteriga wuxuu ka yar yahay 520kg (bir) ilaa 485kg (alaabtan), 100Isticmaalka korontada ee km wuxuu hoos uga dhacay 16.0kWh ilaa 14.2kWh (\(\Delta C=-1.8kWh\)), iyadoo tirada darawaladu ay kor u kacday 560km ilaa 582km (\(\Delta R=22km\)), oo ≤8% ka leexday saadaasha moodeelka.

Qiimaha Wareegga Nolosha (LCC) waxaa loo xisaabiyaa si waafaqsan ISO 15686-5:2020 (wareegga 10 sano, heerka dhimista 8%):

• Qiimaha Iibka: Waayo, miisaan ah 100,000 gawaarida, Qiimaha alaabta halkii jir baabuurka ayaa hoos u dhacaya 850 RMB (bir) ku 320 RMB (alaabtan), kaydin 53 milyan RMB sanadkii;
• Qiimaha Hawlgalka: Gaadhi kasta waxa uu miisaanka ku dhimayaa 22kg, oo leh masaafo gaadiid sanadeed 10,000km. Baabuurka xamuulka ah wuxuu cunaa 30L oo shidaal ah 100kmkiiba (qiimaha shidaalka 8 RMB/L), badbaadinta 12,000kWh ee isticmaalka tamarta gaadiidka sanadlaha ah, u dhigma 6,000 RMB qiimaha korontada (0.5 RMB/kWh);
• Qiimaha dib u warshadaynta: Qiimaha haraaga xaashida aluminiumku waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa 60% ee qiimaha alaabta ceeriin (haddii 20% loogu talagalay birta), taasoo keentay farqiga faa'iidada dib u warshadaynta ee 10 sano ah 28 milyan RMB. Xisaabinta dhamaystiran waxay muujinaysaa in LCC uu yahay 38.2% ka hooseeya tan qalabka birta iyo 15.6% ka hooseeya kan alaabta aluminium adag.

Eco-b. Casriyeynta Badbaadada: Hababka Ilaalinta Dhinacyada Badan ee Ku Salaysan Xaalado Khatarta Tamarta Cusub

A. Ilaalinta lakabka ah ee xidhidhiyaha cararka kulaylka iyo qaabaynta kulaylka

Deganaanshaha kulaylka ee substrate alloy aluminium (barta dhalaalka 660 ℃) waxaa lagu gaaraa iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka ilaalinta saddex lakab oo ah “substrate – daahan – qaab”:

• Naqshad Dahaarka: Oogada xudunta u ah awllaha malabka waxaa lagu dahaadhay daahan olol dib u dhiga oo ku salaysan epoxy (habaynta: 60% E-44 xabagta epoxy, 20% aluminium hydroxide, 15% wakiilka daaweynta polyamide, 5% foamer), oo leh tusaha ogsijiinta ee 32% (GB / T 2406.2-2009, habka gubasho toosan), buuxinta heerka ilaalinta dabka ee Class B1. Falanqaynta Thermogravimetric (TGA, 10℃/daqiiqo, N₂ jawiga) Waxay muujinaysaa in wax-soo-saarka charku uu gaaro 800 ℃ 35%, taas oo ah 600% ka sarreeya kan aluminiumka malabka ah ee aan dahaarka lahayn (5%);
• Dahaarka kuleyl qaabdhismeedka: Unugyada laba geesoodka ah ee joogtada ah waxay sameeyaan lakab hawo xiran (dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka 0.026W /(m · k)), kaas oo ay la socdaan dahaarka (dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka 0.18W /(m · k)) wuxuu ka kooban yahay nidaamka dahaarka kulaylka isku dhafan. Based on Fourier’s law\(q=-k\nabla T\), heerkulka guud ee kulaylka waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa inuu noqdo 0.12W /(m · k), 40% Ka hooseeya kan aluminium aluminiumka malabka ah ee aan dahaarka lahayn (0.20W /(m · k)).

Imtixaanka jilitaanka kulaylka cararka ee Xarunta Tijaabada Qalabka Tamarta Cusub ee Qaranka (CNAS L1234):

• Qalabka: Simulator-ka kulaylka baytarigu (heerka kulaylka 5℃/daq, heerkulka ugu badan 900 ℃);
• Tilmaamayaasha Kormeerka: Heerkulka dusha sare ee dabka (Rug 38031-2020 u baahan ≤180℃), CO sii daynta (u baahan <300ppm), sharafta qaabdhismeedka (burbur la'aan);
• Natiijooyinka: Gudaha 30 daqiiqo, heerkulka dusha sare ee dabku waa 152 ℃, CO sii daynta waa 180ppm, heerka qalloocana waa 4.8% (heerka qallafsanaanta taarikada aluminium dhaqameed waa 21.5%), si buuxda u buuxinaya shuruudaha caadiga ah.

B. Kalsoonida Qaab-dhismeedka iyo Sifada-yar ee Hoosta Degaanada Xad-dhaafka ah

Isku halaynta wareegga heerkulka: Imtixaannada wareegga heerkulka (-40℃ 4saac → 120℃ 4saac, 50 wareegyada) waxaa loo qabtay si waafaqsan GB/T 2423.22-2012. Xoogga xiiridda waxaa lagu tijaabiyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo mishiinka tijaabada caalamiga ah ee elegtarooniga ah (WDW-100) (GB / T 14522-2009), natiijaduna waxay muujinaysaa:

• Awooda xiiridu waxay hoos uga dhacaysaa bilawgii 2.1MN/m² ilaa 1.94MN/m², oo leh qiime dhimis ah 7.6% (shuruudaha warshadaha ≤10%);
• Adayggu waxa uu hoos uga dhacayaa bilowga 3.2GPa ilaa 2.95GPa, oo leh xadiga haynta 92.2%;
• Micro-Mechanism: Gudbinta Electron Microscope (TEM, JEM-2100) u fiirsashadu waxay muujinaysaa in saamiga jilicsanaanta qabow {112}<110> ka dhimmayo 35% ku 33%, iyo cabbirka hadhuudhku si weyn uma koraan (lagu hayo 5-8μm), ka fogaanshaha heerkul-hoosee jab jaban iyo jilcinta heerkulka sare.

Saamaynta iyo Waxqabadka gariirka:

• Tijaabada Saamaynta Kubadda Dhacda(GB / T 1451-2005): Kubbad bir ah oo 5kg ah ayaa ka soo dhacaysa joog dhan 1.5m. Xudunta awllaha malabka waxay nuugtaa tamarta “unugyadu si tartiib tartiib ah balaastigga ah”. Qalooca barokaca xoogga inta lagu jiro saameyntu waxay muujineysaa awoodda saameynta ugu badan ee 8kN iyo nuugista tamarta 120J (qallafsanaan 25mm), iyada oo aan lahayn dildilaacyo on guddiga. Marka la barbar dhigo muraayadaha malabka PP (nuugista tamarta 65J, jabka oo dhan 15mm), iska caabbinta saamaynta waxaa hagaajiyay by 84.6%;
• Baaritaanka gariirka(GB / T 2423.10-2019): Ku xaaq gariirka 10-2000Hz oo leh dardar 20m/s². Virometer laser ah (PSV-500) wuxuu cabbiraa inta jeer ee dhawaaqa 350Hz (ka fogaanshaha inta jeer ee hawlgalka caadiga ah ee 100-300Hz ee xirmooyinka baytariga), iyo xawaaraha gudbinta dardargelinta gariirku waa 0.78 (ka hooseeya shuruudaha warshadaha ee 1.0), yaraynta halista dhaawaca daalka tab (Tijaabooyin nololeed oo daal ah ayaa muujinaya in tirada wareegyada jabka tab ay ka korodho 10⁶ ilaa 10⁷).

J. Naqshadeynta Nidaamka Dahaarka iyo Waxqabadka Korontada ee 800V Platforms-sare ee Voltage

Loogu talagalay 800V baabuurta korantada sare leh (ISO 6469-3:2018), nidaamka dahaarka isku dhafan ee “epoxy-fluorocarbon daahan double-lakab ah – lakabka dahaarka hawada” waa la korsaday:

• Waxqabadka Dahaarka: Lakabka epoxy-ga hoose (30μm) waxay bixisaa dahaarka aasaasiga ah, iyo lakabka sare ee fluorocarbon (20μm) waxay hagaajisaa iska caabinta cimilada. Mitir iska caabin sare leh (ZC36) wuxuu tijaabiyaa caabbinta mugga 1×10¹⁵Ω·cm (GB / T 1410-2006 u baahan ≥1×10¹⁴Ω·cm), oo leh iska caabin danab ah oo burburay oo ah 2000V (1min, GB / T 1408.1-2016) iyo taangidh qasaaro dielectric ah (tanδ, 1khid) ee 0.002 (luminta dielectric hooseeyo inta jeer ee sare iyo danab sare, ka fogaanshaha kulaylka deegaanka);
• Naqshad Lakabka Hawada: Dhumucda lakabka hawadu ee unugyada malabka waa 8-12mm. Marka loo eego qalooca Paschen, xoogga goobta burburka hawada ee dhumucdan waa ≥3kV/mm. Isku darka daboolka, way gaadhaa “dahaarka double”. Xataa at 90% qoyaan (GB / T 2423.3-2016), caabbinta dahaarka ayaa weli ah ≥1×10¹³Ω, hoos u dhigida khatarta wareegga gaaban by 90%.

Isbarbardhigga alaabta dahaarka caadiga ah (Miis 1):

(Isha Xogta: Imtixaanka dhinaca saddexaad wuxuu ka warbixinayaa CNAS-L1234-2024-001 004)

Eco-c. La qabsiga Warshadaha: Isbeddel Gaar ah oo Muuqaal ah iyo Nakhshad Parametric ah (Ay ku jirto Shaxda Halbeegga Xirfadeed)

Miis 2: Shaxda Naqshadaynta Parametric ee 0.07mm Aluminium Foil Paels Panels Malabka Malabka ee Muuqaalada Tamarta Cusub

(Qorid: Heerarka jaantusku waa saldhig imtixaan. Cufnaanta dhabta ah waxaa lagu tijaabiyaa si waafaqsan GB/T 451.2-2002)

A. Farsamaynta Habaynta ee Qaab-dhismeedka baytariyada Korontada

Naqshadeynta CATL CTP 3.0 looxyada waxay ku saleysan yihiin is waafajinta “sifooyinka unugga – shuruudaha dhismaha”:

• Unugyada LFP (100kWh): Cufnaanta tamarta 160Wh/kg, aad ayay u xasaasisan yihiin (Kiiloogaraam kasta oo unugyo ah waxa ay ku biiriyaan 0.16kWh oo tamar ah). Sidaa darteed, 10mm garoon unug ayaa la qaatay (hoos u dhigista isticmaalka alaabta 12%) oo leh cufnaanta aagga 3.8kg/㎡, la qabsiga isticmaalka muddada dheer ee baabuurta rakaabka (10 sano/200,000km). Tijaabooyinka daalka (10⁶ wareegyada, saamiga cadaadiska R=0.1) muuji heerka haynta xoogga 85%;
• Unugyada NCM (200kWh): Cufnaanta tamarta ee 210Wh/kg iyo cufnaanta tamarta mugga sare (450W/L), jirku wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu u adkaysto culaysyo sare (cadaadiska unugyada isku dhufashada 15kPa). Sidaas, dhererka unugyada 8mm + feeraha xoojinta 6061-T6 maxalliga ah (modules laastikada 69GPa) loo isticmaalo, kordhinta xoogga jilicsanaanta dabacsanaanta by 6.0% iyo xakamaynta leexinta gudaha 1.5mm/m si loo daboolo xaaladda buuxa ee baabuurta ganacsiga (miisaanka guud 4.5 tan).

Ku tijaabi SUV koronto saafi ah: Miisaanka xirmada ayaa ka yaraaday 485kg (bir) ilaa 320kg, 18kg ayaa hoos u dhigaysa tirada aan baqin, hoos u dhigista cadaadiska nidaamka ka joojinta 12%, oo soo gaabinaysa fogaanta bareegga 0.8m (100-0km/h). Xabagta qaab dhismeedka Epoxy (xoog xiirid 15MPa) waxaa loo isticmaalaa isku-xidhka isku-xidhka, hoos u dhigista isticmaalka boodhka 40% iyo soo gaabinta wareegga isu imaatinka min 120s/cutub ilaa 72s/cutub, hagaajinta waxtarka by 40%.

B. Muuqaalka Gaarka ah ee Hagaajinta Qalabka Kaydinta Tamarta

• Golaha Wasiirada Kaydka Tamarta Qoyska (5-20kWh): Naqshadaynta khafiifka ah ee 15mm waxay ku tiirsan tahay sifooyinka hawo-mareenka ee kanaalada malabka (xawaaraha hawada 0.3m/s, Re=1200, xaaladda socodka laminarka), leh awood luminta kulaylka dabiiciga ah ee 5W/㎡·K. Farqiga heerkulka gudaha ee golaha wasiiradu waa ≤5℃ (12℃ loogu talagalay armaajooyinka birta dhaqameed), badbaadinta 80kWh ee isticmaalka tamarta marawaxada sanadlaha ah (la xisaabiyay iyadoo lagu salaynayo hawl maalmeedka 8saac iyo 40W awood taageere);
• Saldhigyada Kaydinta Tamarta ee baaxadda weyn (100MWh+): Gole dhumucdiisuna tahay 25mm waxaa lagu daraa a 15% Lakabka xoojinta E-glaas. Wax ka beddelka is dhexgal (wakiilka isku xirka silane KH-550) waxay kordhisaa awoodda isku xidhka is-dhexgalka ee u dhexeeya fiber-ka galaaska iyo bireed aluminium ilaa 10MPa (Tijaabada xiirid adag, GB / T 7124-2021), hagaajinta iska caabbinta cadaadiska dabaysha laga bilaabo 1.0kPa ilaa 1.5kPa (GB / T 5135.1-2019, Tijaabada tunnel dabaysha xawaaraha dabaysha 30m/s), oo daboolaya xaaladaha duufaannada ee deegaannada xeebaha ah (100-muddada soo noqoshada sanadka dabaysha xawaaraha dabaysha 45m/s).

Eco-D. Dhalooyinka Farsamada iyo Horumarinta Cirifka

A. Horumarka Geedi-socodka Muhiimka ah ee Soo saarista Foil Aluminium ee aadka u khafiifsan

Qoorta dhalada ah ee Xakamaynta Qaababka Saxanadda: Duubista 0.07mm bireed aluminium ah ayaa u nugul “hirarka dhexe” (dhererka hirarka 500-800mm, dhererka mawjada 3-5mm), oo leh heerka wax-soo-saarka oo keliya 80% warshad dhaqameed afar-sare ah oo duuban. Horumarka waxaa lagu gaaraa:

• Codsiga HC Lix-High Cold Rolling Mills: Dhexroor duudduuban shaqada φ120mm, dhexroor duudduuban gurmad φ600mm. Xakamaynta isku dhafan ee “laablaabashada duubka togan/ taban + wareegtada dhexdhexaadka ah” waa la korsaday, oo leh xoog qaloocsan oo duudduuban oo ± 50kN ah iyo kala beddelasho ± 15mm ah, xakameynta dulqaadka qaabka saxanka gudaha 5I;
• Habka Duubista Asynchronous: Farqiga xawaaraha ee 2%-3% inta u dhaxaysa duubabka sare iyo kuwa hoose waxay soo bandhigaysaa cadaadis xiirid γ=0.05-0.08, samaynta qulqulka birta oo labbisan inta lagu jiro duubista. Heerka dhacdooyinka hirarka dhexe ayaa ka yaraaday 15% ku 3%, iyo heerka waxsoosaarku wuu kordhaa ilaa 92%.

Furaha Xakamaynta Wasakhowga Saliida: Saliida wareega ee hadhaaga ah ee dusha bireed aluminium (inta badan ka kooban saliid salka + wax lagu daro ester fatty acid) waxay yaraynaysaa isku xidhka interfiyuuga ee xudunta awllaha malabka by 30%. Habka isku dhafan ee “nadiifinta electrolytic – hawo kulul qalajin” waa la korsaday:

• Nadiifinta Electrolytic: 5% Dadkooh + 3% Na₂CO₃ xal, heerkulka 60 ℃, cufnaanta hadda 2A/dm², waqtiga electrolysis 30s, oo leh waxtarka saarista saliida duuban ≥95%;
• Qalajinta hawada kulul: 120℃ hawo kulul (xawaaraha dabaysha 5m/s), wakhtiga qalajinta 15s. Qadarka saliidda hadhaa waxaa lagu dhimay 2.3mg/m² (GB / T 16743-2018 u baahan ≤5mg/m²), iyo xoogga isku xidhka interfiyuuga waxa si adag loogu hayaa 12MPa (GB / T 7124-2021).

B. Jidadka Tiknoolajiyada Goynta-Dhaqanka iyo Rajada Warshadaynta

• Hal-abuurka Maaddada: Horumarinta ee aluminium-graphene foil ka kooban (ku darida graphene 0.5%) isticmaalaya a “kubbadda-shiidka-kala-baxa isku-dhafka ah ee ultrasonic” habka (Xawaaraha kubbadda wax lagu shubo 300r/min, awoodda ultrasonic 600W). Heerka kala firdhinta diyaaradda ee graphene waa ≥90%. Kormeerka TEM wuxuu muujinayaa in graphene uu sameeyo a “qaab-dhismeedka xoojinta shabakad-sida” ee matrix aluminium. Awoodda xajinta bartilmaameedka waa 350MPa (17% ka sarreeya 3003/H18), iyadoo dhererka nasashada lagu hayo 12% (ka fogaanshaha jajabnaanta), la qabsiga baahida cufnaanta tamarta sare ee 4680 unugyo waaweyn oo cylindrical ah (300H/kg);
• Hal-abuurka Geedi socodka: Horumarinta habraaca samaynta cadaadiska kulul ee isku dhafan ee udub-dhexaadka malabka. Xakamaynta heerkulka caaryada ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo xakameeyo heerkulka 180 ℃, cadaadiska 1.5MPa, iyo waqtiga ku hay 10min, si toos ah loo gaadho isku xidhka macdanaha ee u dhexeeya xudunta malabka iyo guddida, baabi'inta habka isku xidhka. Wareegga wax soo saarka ayaa laga soo gaabiyey 72h ilaa 48h, iyo gabowga dahaarka ayaa laga fogaadaa (attenuation xoog yaraynaysaa ka 15% ku 5% ka dib gabow at 120 ℃ 1000h);
• Balaadhinta Codsiga: Horumarinta Al₂O₃-SiO₂ daahan dhoobada isku dhafan (dhumucdiisuna tahay 15μm) loogu talagalay baytariyada gobolka adag (heerkulka shaqaynayo 150 ℃) iyadoo la isticmaalayo habka buufinta balaasmaha (awoodda buufinta 40kW, fogaan ah 150mm). Cufnaanta dahaarka waa ≥95%, kordhinta iska caabinta heerkulka ugu badan ilaa 200 ℃ iyadoo la ilaalinayo iska caabinta korantada ee 2000V, la qabsiga horumarka warshadaynta ee baytariyada gobolka adag ee Toyota iyo CATL (2025-2027).

Eco-e. Muhiimka ah Q&A: Falanqaynta qoto-dheer ee dhinaca Xirfadlayaasha

Q1: Waa maxay saldhigga u wanaajinta Pareto ee dhumucdiisuna waxay tahay 0.07mm aluminium?

A: Iyada oo ku saleysan “habka kharashka-wax-qabadka” Qalooca hagaajinta Pareto (Sawirka 1), 0.07mm waxay ku taal soohdinta ugu fican ee qalooca:

• Cabirka Waxqabadka: Marka la barbar dhigo 0.05mm bireed aluminium ah, xoogga xajinta ayaa lagu kordhiyey 15% (280MPa vs 243MPa), xooggii dhogortana waa la kordhiyey 18% (2.1MN/m² vs 1.78MN/m²), buuxinta shuruudaha cadaadiska 15kPa ee xirmooyinka baytariga; nolosha daalka (10⁶ wareegyada) waxaa lagu kordhiyaa 25%, iska ilaalinta “jabka daalka wareegga hooseeya” oo ah foils aadka u dhuuban;
• Qiimaha Qiimaha: Marka la barbar dhigo 0.09mm bireed aluminium ah, isticmaalka maadiga ah waxaa la dhimay 22% (cufnaanta aagga 3.8kg/㎡ vs 4.87kg/㎡), Qiimaha halbeegga waxaa la dhimay 18% (200 RMB/㎡ vs 244 RMB/㎡), iyo isticmaalka tamarta rogroga waa la dhimay 12% (120kWh/ton vs 136kWh/ton);
• Habka Cabirka: Heerka wax-soo-saarka ee 0.05mm bireed aluminium ah waa kaliya 75% (u nugul inay dillaacaan), halka 0.09mm u baahan yahay xoog galgalad sare (280kN vs 220kN), kordhinta qalabka ay xirtaan 20%. Taas bedelkeeda, 0.07mm waxay leedahay heerka wax-soo-saarka 92% iyo xooggeedii rogrogiddu waxay la mid tahay HC-ga jira ee lix-dharka sare ah, taasoo keentay suurta galnimada warshadaynta ugu sareysa.

Q2: Waxqabadka daalka aadka u khafiifka ah ee aluminium-ka-fudud ee muraayadaha malabka miyuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha adeegga 10-sano/200,000km ee baabuurta tamarta cusub?

A: Xaqiijinta iyada oo loo marayo tijaabooyinka daalka (GB / T 30767-2014, saamiga cadaadiska R=0.1, inta jeer ee 10Hz) muujinaysaa:

• Xaaladda Qaab-dhismeedka baytariga: Cadaadiska ugu badan σ_max=80MPa (xisaabinta 28.6% ee xoogga xajinta). Ka dib 10 ⁷ wareegyo, heerka haynta xoogga waa 88% (GB / T 38031-2020 u baahan ≥80%), oo u dhiganta masaafo dhan 200,000km (qiyaastii 500 wareegyada gariirka kiiloomitirkiiba);
• Xaalada Golaha Kaydka Tamarta: Cadaadiska ugu badan σ_max=50MPa (xisaabinta 17.9% ee xoogga xajinta). Ka dib 10⁸ wareeg, heerka haynta xoogga waa 92%, u dhiganta wareegga adeegga 15-sano (qiyaastii 6.7×10⁶ wareegyada gariir sannadkii);
• Micro-Mechanism: Inta lagu jiro daalka, cufnaanta kala-baxa ee matrix aluminiumku waxay ka korodhaa 1×10¹⁴m⁻² ilaa 3×10¹⁴m⁻², laakiin ma jiraan dildilaac muuqda oo daal ah (Kormeerka SEM wuxuu muujinayaa in qoto-dheeraanta dimple-ka jabka lagu hayo 8-10μm), xaqiijinta isku halaynta adeegga muddada-dheer.

Q3: Walaxda ma buuxisay waafaqid Electromagnetic (EMC) shuruudaha 800V dhufto ee-voltage-sare?

A: Xaqiijinta iyada oo loo marayo imtixaannada EMC (GB / T 18655-2018) waxay xaqiijinaysaa u hoggaansanaanta buuxda ee shuruudaha 800V:

• Rabshadaha shucaaca: Inta jeer ee 30MHz-1GHz, danab qaska waa ≤40dBμV (xadka 46dBμV), ka faa'iidaysiga hantida gaashaanka elektromagnetic ee foil aluminium (waxtarka gaashaandhigga ≥40dB, GB / T 17738-2019);
• Rabshadaha La Sameeyay: Inta jeer ee 150kHz-30MHz, khalkhalku hadda waa ≤54dBμA (xadka 60dBμA). Lakabka hawada iyo dahaarka unugyada malabka ayaa sameeya an “qaabdhismeedka iswaafajinta impedance” si loo yareeyo faragelinta la sameeyay;
• Xasaanad: Ma jiraan wax aan caadi ahayn oo ku dhaca dareeraha korantada (ESD) imtixaanada (dheecaan xiriir 8kV, dareeraha hawada 15kV, GB / T 17626.2-2018). Sababtoo ah iska caabbinta dusha walxaha ee 1 × 10⁸Ω (inta u dhaxaysa kirishbooyada iyo daaha), Korontada taagan si tartiib tartiib ah ayaa loo sii dayn karaa si looga fogaado burbur.

Q4: Waa maxay habka kala daadinta kulaylka isku dhafan ee u dhexeeya walxahan iyo hababka qaboojinta dareeraha ee saldhigyada kaydinta tamarta ee baaxadda leh?

A: Iyadoo loo marayo CFD (Faseexa ah) jilitaanka iyo hubinta tijaabada, nidaamka kala daadinta kulaylka synergistic ee “convection dabiiciga ah unug – qaboojinta dareeraha qasabka ah” ayaa samaysmay:

• Kanaalka Malabka: 8-12Dhererka unugga mm wuxuu sameeyaa kanaalo isku-wareejin toosan oo leh xawaar hawo ah 0.3-0.5m/s iyo awoodda kulaylka 5-8W/㎡·K, hoos u dhigista heerkulka sare ee unugyada kaydinta tamarta laga bilaabo 55 ℃ ilaa 48 ℃;
• Isku-dhafka qaboojinta dareeraha: Saxanka qaboojiyaha dareeraha ah wuxuu ku xidhan yahay guddida malabka iyadoo la isticmaalayo xabag kuleyl ah (dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka 2W /(m · k)). Gudida malabku waxay u shaqeeyaan sidii a “lakabka dhexdhexaadka ah ee kulaylka”, kordhinta wax ku oolnimada wareejinta kulaylka ee unugyada ilaa saxanka qaboojinta dareeraha by 15% (Iska caabbinta kulaylku waxay hoos u dhigtaa 0.15K/W ilaa 0.13K/W marka la barbar dhigo isku xidhka tooska ah);
• Midaysan heerkulka: Diidmada kulaylka isku dhafan waxay yaraynaysaa farqiga heerkulka gudaha ee golaha laga bilaabo 8 ℃ ilaa 3 ℃ (GB / T 36276-2018 u baahan ≤5℃), ka fogaanshaha awoodda unugga oo yaraada oo ay keento meelaha kulul ee maxalliga ah (heerka xajinta awoodda ayaa kor u kacaya 85% ku 90% ka bacdi 1000 wareegyada).

Q5: Ma sameeyaa Qiimaynta Wareegga Nolosha (LCA) ee walxahan u hoggaansamaan “laba kaarboon” gool?

A: Falanqaynta LCA si waafaqsan ISO 14040-2006 (sariir ilaa qabri, unug shaqaynaysa: 1㎡ guddi malabka) muujinaysaa:

• Isticmaalka Tamarta: Isticmaalka tamarta ee heerka wax soo saarka waa 280kWh (oo ay ku jiraan dhalada aluminium, duubid, iyo samaynta), taas oo ah 46% ka hooseeya kuwa looxyada birta ah (520kWh) iyo 67% ka hooseeya kan kaarboon-fibre-gaabyada malabka (850kWh);
• Sii deynta Kaarboon: CO₂ wareegga buuxa ee sii daaya waa 12kg, taas oo ah 57% ka hooseeya kuwa looxyada birta ah (28kg) iyo 73% ka hooseeya kan kaarboon-fibre-gaabyada malabka (45kg) (wax soo saarka fiber carbon waxay u baahan tahay oksaydheynta acrylonitrile, taasoo keentay in kaarboonka uu sii daayo);
• Dib u warshadaynta: Aluminium foil wuxuu noqon karaa 100% dib loo warshadeeyay dhalaalid, Isticmaalka tamarta dib-u-warshadaynta oo kaliya 5% aluminium aasaasiga ah (GB / T 27690-2011). Dib u warshadaynta 10 sanadaha waxay hoos u dhigi karaan CO₂ qiiqa 8kg/㎡, u hoggaansanaanta shuruudaha raadraaca kaarboonka (≤100kg CO₂eq/kWh) ee Xeerka Cusub ee Bateriga Midowga Yurub (2023/1542).