I-ALMUMUM Ibanga kunye neempawu
Ukuhlelwa kwamabakala e-Aluminium ye-Aluminium ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zensimbi equlethe iplagi ye-aluminium, Iplate ye-aluminium inokubahlulahlulahlulwe 9 Iindidi, yiyo i, Inokwahlulwa ibe yiyo 9 uthotho. Oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo yenyathelo ngalinye.
1.1000 uthotho umele 1050 1060 1070 1000 uthotho lwealuminium Iplate ikwabizwa ngokuba yiplate ecocekileyo ye-aluminium, Phakathi kwazo zonke izinto, 1000 Ungcelele lolu ngcelele lwelona qotho lubalaseleyo lomxholo wealuminium. Ukucoceka kunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe 99.00%. Kuba ayinazo ezinye izinto zobugcisa, Inkqubo yemveliso ilula kwaye ixabiso lixabiso eliphantsi. Yeyona ngcelele ixhaphakileyo kumashishini aqhelekileyo okwangoku. Uninzi lokujikeleza kwangoku kwintengiso 1050 kwaye 1060 uthotho. Umxholo weAluminum ubuncinci we 1000 Iplati yeAluminium yeAluminium igqitywe ngokweenombolo ezimbini zokugqibela zesiArabhu. Umzekelo, Iinombolo ezimbini zokugqibela ze-arabic ze 1050 uthotho 50. Ngokwe-Naming yeHlabathi yeHlabathi, Umxholo we-aluminium kufuneka ufikelele 99.5% okanye ngaphezulu ukuze ufaneleke njengemveliso. Umgangatho we-Aluminium ye-Aluminum yeLizwe (GB / T3880-2006) Ichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba umxholo wealuminium we 1050 kufuneka ifikelele 99.5%. Ngendlela enye, Umxholo we-aluminium ye 1060 Iipleyiti zealuminium zealuminium kufuneka zifikelele ngaphezulu kwe 99.6%.
2.2000 Iplagi yeAluminium yeAluminium imele i-2a16 (Ly16) 2A06 (Ly6) 2000 Iplate ye-Aleminium yeAluminium iphawuleka ngobunzima obukhulu, phakathi kwawo umxholo wobhedu olona nqanaba liphezulu, malunga 3-5%. I 2000 Iplati yeAluminum yeAluminium ye-aluminium yenqwelo moya, engasetyenziswanga rhoqo kwimizi-mveliso yesiqhelo okwangoku. Ngoku, Bambalwa abavelisi bemveliso 2000 Iphepha leAluminium yeAluminium kwilizwe lethu. Umgangatho awukwazi ukuthelekiswa namazwe aphesheya. Okwangoku ingeniswa i-Aluminium ye-Aluminium ebonelelwe ikakhulu yi-Korea yaseSouth Erean kunye nabavelisi baseJamani. Ngophuhliso lwecandelo lam le-aerospace, Itekhnoloji yemveliso ye 2000 Iipleyiti zealuminium zealuminium ziya kuphuculwa ngakumbi.
Ntathu. 3000 Iplagi yeAluminium yeAluminium imele 3003 3003 3I-A21 ikakhulu. Ingabizwa ngokuba yi-Anti-Rust Aluminium PlateUm. Inkqubo yemveliso ye 3000 Iplate ye-Aleminium yeAluminium kwilizwe lam ilunge kakhulu. I 3000 Iplati ye-Aleminium yeAluminium iqokelelwe ikakhulu ye-manganese. Umxholo uphakathi 1.0-1.5. Lungqokelela olunomsebenzi ongcono we-anti-rust. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo ezinomswakama ezifana ne-moya, ifriji, kwaye iphantsi, Ixabiso liphezulu kune 1000. Luhlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Ezine. I 4000 Iplati ye-Aleminium yeAluminium imelwe yi-4A01 4000 uthotho lwe-aluminium, yeyokuphuculo olunomxholo we-silicon ephezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo umxholo weSilicon uphakathi 4.5-6.0%. Yeyona nto yokwakha, amalungu omatshini, izixhobo zokwenza, Izinto ze-welding; indawo elula yokunyibilika, Inkcazo yemveliso yokunganyangekiyo: Ineempawu zokungaxhathisi ubushushu kwaye inxibe ukunganyangeki.
5. I 5000 uthotho lwealuminium iplate yeyokuphumelela kwi-allouy plates plates, Inqaku eliphambili linguMagnesium, kwaye umxholo we-magnesium uphakathi 3-5%. Ingabizwa ngokuba yi-Alumnum-Magnesium Allowy. Iimpawu eziphambili zixineneyo, Amandla aphezulu e-thensle kunye ne-Elongwation ephezulu. Kwindawo enye, Ubunzima be-Aluminium-Magnesium ye-Alney iphantsi kolunye uthotho. Ngoko ke, Ihlala isetyenziswa kwinqwelo moya, ezinje ngeetanki zeenqwelo moya. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimizi-mveliso yesiqhelo. Itekhnoloji yokuqhubela phambili iphosa ngokuqhubekayo kwaye iqengqeleka, yeyokuphuhliswa kweepleyiti ezixineneyo ze-aluminium ezivuthiweyo, Ke inokusetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-oxidation. Kwilizwe lam, i 5000 Iplati yeAluminum yeAluminium yenye yezona tetho zobuqhetseba.
6. I 6000 uthotho umele 6061, ubukhulu becala iqulethe izinto ezimbini ze-magnesium kunye ne-silicon, Ke izibonelelo ze 4000 uthotho kwaye 5000 Uchungechunge lujolise. 6061 Ngaba i-aluminium ebandayo ye-aluminium, Ilungele izicelo ezifuna ukumelana nokunganyangeki okuphezulu kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-oxidation. Ukusebenza okuhle, Iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zonxibelelwano, Ukudibana ngokulula, Ukudityaniswa okuhle. Inokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo eziphantsi zoxinzelelo kunye neziqulatho zenqwelomoya. Iimpawu ngokubanzi ze 6061: Iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zonxibelelwano, Ukudibana ngokulula, amandla aphezulu, Ukusebenza okuhle, kunye nokuchasana nokomelela okuqinileyo. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwe 6061 aluminiyam: Amalungu enqwelomoya, Amalungu eKhamera, abatshati, Izixhobo zaselwandle kunye nezixhobo, Izixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye namalungu, Ukuhombisa okanye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, Iintloko zeHinge, Iintloko zemagnethi, Iipistons zeBrake, I-Hydraulic Pistons, Izixhobo zombane, Iivalves kunye neendawo zevalve .
Sixhengxe. I 7000 uthotho umele ukuba 7075 ikakhulu iqulethe i-zinc. Ikwangangqokelela yeenqwelomoya. Yi-aluminium-magnesium-wincr alloy. Bubushushu be-alloy. Yeyona nto iphambili i-aluminum alloy kwaye inesifo sokunxiba okuhle. Ubukhulu 7075 Iplatium plate nganye ifunyenwe, enokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho bhanti kunye nokungcola. Ukuqhubela phambili kwe 7075 IplagiUm ye-Aluminium inokunciphisa ixesha lokwakha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba ubunzima buphezulu. 7075 Ngaba luphawu oluphezulu, I-Aluminum ephezulu yeAluminum, edla ngokusetyenziswa ekwenzeni kwezakhiwo zenqwelomoya kunye nexesha elizayo. Ifuna iinxalenye zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nemveliso yokumba enamandla aphezulu kunye nokunganyangeki okuqinileyo. Okwangoku ngokusisiseko ixhomekeke kwinkcitho, Itekhnoloji yelizwe yam kufuneka iphuculwe.
8. Isetyenziswa rhoqo 8000 uthotho 8011, yenye yolunye uthotho. Iplate ye-aluminium eyona nto iphambili ekwenzeni i-bible yebhotile ikwasetyenziswa kwi-radiators, uninzi lwazo iifolokhwe ze-aluminium. Ayisetyenziswanga kakhulu.
I-aluminium kunye ne-alloys yayo
1. I-aluminium enyulu
Aluminiyam (aluminiyam, aluminiyam) iphawulwa bubunzima obuphakathi kwe-2.72G / cm3, eyiyo kuphela 1/3 Ukuxinana kwentsimbi okanye kobhedu. Ukuqhubela phambili kombane kunye ne-thermal, okwesibini kuphela kwiSilivere kunye nobhedu. Iipropathi zeekhemikhali ze-aluminium zisebenza kakhulu. Emoyeni, Umphezulu we-aluminium unokudibanisa ngeoksijini yokwenza ifilimu ye-als2o3 yokukhusela i-al22 yokukhusela i-oxidation enye ye-aluminium. Ngoko ke, I-Aluminium inesigqibo sokunganyangeka kakuhle emoyeni kunye namanzi, Kodwa i-aluminium ayinyangeki kwi-acid, alkali, kunye netyuwa yetyuwa.
I-Aluminium ine-cuic lattle, iplasitiki elungileyo (D = 50%, Ψ = 80%), kwaye inokwenziwa kwiingcingo, iipleyiti, imitya, Imibhobho kunye nezinye iiprofayili ngokunyanzela ukubanda okanye kushushu, kodwa amandla aphakamile, σb = I-80MPA , Emva kokubanda kuyasebenza, σb = (150 ~ 250) MPa. Ngoko ke, I-aluminium ecocekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza iingcingo, iintambo, Ii-radiators, kunye neemfuno zemihla ngemihla okanye izabelo ezifuna intsimbi engenasiphelo, ukumelana nomhlwa, kunye neemfuno zamandla aphantsi.
I-Alumrinum eNgcali (I-Aluminum yeTholo) ayimsulwa njenge-aluminium ecocekileyo, Inezinto ezingaphezulu okanye ezingaphantsi (njengo fe, Kwaye, njl.). Ukungcola okungakumbi okufumaneka kwi-aluminium, Ukuthoba ukwenzeka kombane, conductivity thermal, I-Atmospheric Sorrosion kunye neplasitiki.
Amabakala e-Alumnum yeShishini le-China ecocekileyo aqulunqwe ngokusekwe kwimida yokungcola, njenge-l1, L2, L3… L yi-pinyin yaseTshayina ye-pinyin yegama “aluminiyam”, kunye nelona nani liphezulu le-ulandelelwano eliqhotyoshelweyo, ihla i-ully.
2. Aluminiyam ingxubevange
Amandla e-aluminium ecocekileyo iphantsi kakhulu, Ke ayifanelekanga kwizinto zakhiwo. Ukuze uphucule amandla ayo, Eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukuyongeza izabelo, enjalo i-si, Cu, Mg, Mnu, njl., ukwenza i-aluminium alloy (i-aerolite). Ezi zabelo ze-aluminium zinamandla aphezulu kunye noxinaniso olusezantsi, ngakumbi amandla aphezulu (yiyo i, Umyinge wamandla omda kwi-densty) kunye nokuhamba okuhle kunye nokunganyangeki.
(1) Ukuhlelwa kwe-allomium alloys
Ngokwembonakalo kunye nemveliso yemveliso yeempawu ze-allomium alloys, I-Alumnom Altlis inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: I-Aluminum yeAluminum yaza zaza zaza zaza zaza zaza zaza zaza.
Ingabonwa kumzobo ukuba xa i-allous enomkhenkce ophantsi kwe-D / inqaku linokwenza imeko yesigaba esinye esiqinileyo xa ishushu, Ineplasitiki elungileyo kwaye ilungele ukulungiswa koxinzelelo, Ke ibizwa ngokuba yi-Aluminum yeAluminum. Ukuba ukwakhiwa kwe-Alumuminum yeAluminum engaphantsi kwenqaku le-F, Ukuqulunqwa kwesisombululo sayo esomeleleyo akutshintshanga ngokutshintsha kobushushu, Kuba ayinakuqiniswa bunyango lobushushu, Ibizwa ngokuba yi-alloum alloy engenakomelezwa bunyango lobushushu; ukwakhiwa kwe-alloy phakathi kwe-f kunye d /, Isongezelelo sayo esiqinileyo sitshintsha ngokutshintsha kobushushu, Ke kunokomelezwa bunyango lobushushu, Ke kubizwa ngokuba yi-alloum alloy enokomelezwa lunyango lobushushu. I-alloys enomxholo omkhulu kune-D / Point unendawo yokukhanya ephantsi, ulwelo oluhle, kwaye zilungele ukuphoswa. Babizwa ngokuba zii-Alutinum ze-aluminium, Kodwa azilungelanga ukwenziwa koxinzelelo.
I-allominum ye-alminum ye-Aluminum inokwahlulwa kwi-Antirust Alumum, i-duress, I-DesupuralIn kunye ne-aluminium ye-aluminium ngokweempawu zazo zokusebenza.
I-alfaminum allos izahlulwa inokwahlulwa: Al-ewe, Al-c, Al-mg, Al-ZN, njl. Ngokwezinto eziphambili ze-alloy.
(2) Iimpawu zonyango lobushushu ze-Aluminium alloy
I-Aluminium Alloty ayinakuphucula amandla ayo ngokuphumelela kwendlela yokusebenza, Kodwa kwakhona phucula amandla ayo ngobushushu – “Iminyaka yobudala iyaqina” indlela.
Indlela yokunyanga ubushushu ye-Aluminium Alloy yahlukile kwi-Steel. Emva kokucinywa, Ubunzima kunye namandla obunyulu ngentsimbi kwangoko, Ngelixa iplasitiki ihla. Nangona kunjalo, I-Aluminium Alsmotion yayo iphakathi f no-D / ishushu kwingingqi yenqanaba le-α, igcinwe ifudumele, kwaye ipholile kwaye icinyiwe, kunye nesisombululo se-α esiqinileyo se-α esiqinileyo sinokufumaneka kubushushu begumbi. Amandla kunye nobunzima obungenakunyuswa ngokukhawuleza, Kodwa iplastiki iphuculwe kakhulu. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cenching okanye isisombululo sonyango. Kuba isisombululo esomeleleyo esifunyenwe emva kokucinywa singazinzi, Kukho utyekelo lokuthintela inqanaba lesibini (Isigaba sokuqinisa). Xa ibekwe kubushushu begumbi kangangexesha elithile okanye ubushushu kubushushu obuphantsi, Iiatom zinokwazi ukuhamba kwi-lattce kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iguqule imeko esizinzileyo, kukhokelela kulwando olubalulekileyo lwamandla kunye nobunzima kunye nokuhla kweplastiki. I-phenomenon ukuba i-alloy emva konyango lwesisombululo iqiniswe ngakumbi ekuhambeni kwexesha “Ubudala bomeleza” okanye “Iminyaka yobudala iyaqina”. Iminyaka yobushushu begumbi ibizwa ngokuba yi-ogang yendalo, kwaye ukwaluphala phantsi kokufudumeza kubizwa ngokuba kukukhathazeka.
(3) I-Alumuminum yeAluminum
1. Anti-Rust Aluminium Allowy
Izinto eziphambili zezinto ze-mn kunye ne-mg. Olu hlobo lwe-alloy sisisombululo esiqinileyo sesigaba esiqinileyo emva kokukrazula kunye nokuguqula, Ke inesimo sokunganyangeki kakuhle kunye neplasitiki elungileyo. Njenge-lf5, Lf11, Lf21, njl. Olu hlobo lwe-alloy lusetyenziselwa ukuntywila, ilding, okanye amalungu olwakhiwo ngokunganyangekiyo kunye nemithwalo emincinci, ezinje ngeetanki zamafutha, Iimeko, iingcingo, amathambo athambileyo, kwaye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala.
Zonke iintlobo ze-antirust alwinom zals zalo zabelo ezingenakomelezwa bunyango lobushushu. Ukonyusa amandla e-alloy, Ingasetyenzwa ngoxinzelelo olubandayo, ezinokuthi zivelise ukuqaqamba komsebenzi.
2. I-Aluminum ye-Aluminum
I-Dararalminoium i-al-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu. Zonke iintlobo ze-Deuralminoium zinokuqiniswa komelezwe, Kodwa ukunganyangeki kwabo kungamahlwempu, ngakumbi kumanzi olwandle, I-ProuralIrinium ye-Puransnium iyafuneka ngaphandle kokuba i-Atch yangaphandle igqunywe ngumaleko we-aluminum ecocekileyo ukuba yenze i-aluminium-claral daralumin.
Amabakala e-aluminium enzima Sebenzisa i-Pinefin Prefix “Ly” ye “i-aluminium hard” kunye nenombolo yokulandelelana, ezinje nge-ly1 (I-rivet hard aluminum), Ly111 (I-Aluminum esemgangathweni ye-aluminum) Kwaye ly12 (Amandla aphezulu aphezulu eAluminum).
I-Dasuralumin sisixhobo sesakhiwo ngamandla aphezulu, kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumzi-mveliso weenqwelomoya kunye nemveliso yesixhobo.
3. I-Super Fight Aluminum Allowy (I-SD Alloy)
Yi-al-cu-mg-zn alloy, Yenziwe ngokongeza i-zn kwisiseko sedararusin. Olu hlobo lwe-alloy okwangoku luyinto eyomeleleyo ye-aluminium alloy enamandla aphezulu, Ke kubizwa ngokuba yi-Deararumin. Ukungancedi nokuba ukunganyangeki kwe-corrosion kuhlwempuzeke kakhulu, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lokwaluphala linganyuswa okanye i-aluminium inokuba lilitye.
Ibakala le-Aluminum Alumnum Alloty liboniswe yi-Chinefin Prefix “Lc” ye “I-Al Chao” kunye nenombolo ye-serial. Njenge-lc4, Lc6, njl., uninzi lusetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezinje ngenqwelomoya.
4. Alusum Aluminium alloy
Yinto ye-al-cu-i-mg-si. Nangona zininzi iintlobo zezinto ze-alloy, Umxholo wento nganye incinci, Ke inayo i-thermoplasticisticy kunye nokunganyangeki, kwaye amandla awo athelekiswa naloo dararumin. Amandla anokonwatyiswa emva kokucinywa kunye nokwaluphala.
Inqanaba le-Aluminium ye-Aluminium iboniswe yi-Chinese Pinyin Prefix “Ld” ye “i-aluminium inyanzela” kunye nenombolo yokulandelelana, njenge-ld5, Ld7, njl. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kakuhle, Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuxolela okanye ukuba i-Fif exolelweyo ethwala imithwalo enzima kwinqwelomoya okanye kwi-dielielie.
(4) i-aluminium alloy (i-aluminium alloy)
Zininzi iindidi zee-allominum ze-aluminium. Phakathi kwabo, I-Aluminium-I-Allows ye-allows ineepropathi ezihle, Ukomelela okwaneleyo, kunye noxinzelelo olusezantsi, kwaye zezona zisetyenzisiweyo kakhulu, Ukwenza i-accounting ngaphezulu kwe 50% yemveliso iyonke ye-allominum ye-alfaum. Kwaye (10-13)% I-al-Silloy yesona si-alloun-silicon alloy, yeyokwenziwa kwe-ethectic, kwaye ihlala ibizwa “I-Silicon Alumum alloy”.
Inqanaba le-Aluminium ye-Aluminum limelwe sisixoke sePinelin Pinyin “Zhu” + Al + Ezinye iisimboli ziphambili kunye nepesenti yomxholo. Umzekelo, UZalsi12 umele i-alfay ye-al-si 12% Kwaye. Igama lekhowudi ye-alloy limelwe sisiphakamiso saseTshayina “Zl” ye “i-aluminium” kunye neenombolo ezintathu. Inombolo yokuqala ibonisa udidi lwe-Alloty, kwaye amanani okwesibini neyesithathu abonisa inani le-serial ye-alloy. Umzekelo ZL102 imele hayi. 2 I-al-S-SALMUM ALTY.
I-AlUminium Altsys Altsys isetyenziselwa ukwenza iinxalenye ezinobunzima bokukhanya, ukumelana nomhlwa, Imilo entsonkothileyo kunye neepropathi ezithile zoomatshini.