Indlela yonyango ye-anodizing ye-aluminium surface

Ukuphinda-phinda

Nokuba yeyiphi indlela esetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili izixhobo ze-aluminium kunye neemveliso, kuya kubakho ubumdaka kunye neziphene kumphezulu ukuya ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, njengothuli, iioksidi zesinyithi (iifilimu zendalo okanye i-aluminiyam oxide eyenziwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu), ioli eseleyo, amanqaku e-asphalt, eyenziweyo Ukuthwala udaka (amacandelo aphambili ngamafutha acids kunye nenitrogenous

1. I-oxlic acid engafakwanga

Uninzi lwezinto ezichaphazela i-calfuric Cacisesetion isebenza kwi-OXALINCIC, enokusebenzisa ngqo okwangoku, Ukutshintsha okwangoku, okanye i-spoposition yokutshintsha yangoku kwaye ikhokele okwangoku. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, Ifilimu efunyenwe ngokutshintsha i-oxidation yangoku ithanga kwaye incinci i-elastic; I-oxidation ye-oxidation ithathe inxaxheba ekupheliseni i-colososion, Kodwa ukutshintsha i-oxidation okwangoku kunokuyithintela. Ngokwanda kokutshintsha izinto zangoku, Ukuxhathisa kwefilimu yefilimu kuyanda, Kodwa umbala uyakhula , Ipropathi enombala imbi ngakumbi kunefilimu yesalfuric acid. Uxinzelelo lwe-acid ye-oxcalic yasimahla kwi-electrolyte yile 3%-10%, ngokubanzi 3%-5%. Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-oxidation, nganye nganye. h isebenzisa malunga ne-0.13-0.14G, Ngelixa nganye nganye. h Kukho i-0.08-0.09G ye-aluminium ichithwe kwi-electrolyte ukuba ivelise ialuminium oxpalaum, ezifuna ukutya 5 amaxesha isixa se-oxic acid. I-Alumnum ion isisombululo kwisisombululo ilawulwa ngezantsi i-20G / L, kwaye xa iqulethe i-30G / l ialuminim, Isisombululo siyasilela. I-oxlic acid electrolyte inomdla kakhulu kwi-chloride. Xa uthambile i-aluminium enyulu okanye ialuminium alloy, Umxholo we-chloride akufuneki ungadlula kwi-0.04-0.02G / l, ngokulandelelana. Isisombululo silungiswa kakuhle ngamanzi amsulwa. Njengoko iqondo lobushushu le-electrolyte yonyuso, Ifilimu iba mncinci. Ukufumana iifilimu ezinqabileyo, I-PH yesisombululo kufuneka ikhuliswe. Thumela i-awvices yangoku, Igrafu okanye intsimbi engenanto njenge-cathode, kunye nomyinge wayo kwi-Anode uphakathi (1:2)-(1:1). I-oxlic acid yi-acid ebuthathaka ye-acid ephantsi. Xa i-aluminium i-oxid, Imveliso kunye ne-electrolyte kufuneka zipholile. Ubunzima kunye nombala wefilimu ye-oxdic acid ngokwemigaqo ye-alloy. Ubungakanani befilimu ye-aluminium ecocekileyo buyityheli okanye i-Siltery mhlophe, Ngelixa ubukhulu beefilimu zefilimu ye-alloy bunzulu njenge-tyheli kunye nobhedu. Emva kwe-oxidation, Ifilimu yefilimu icocwe. Ukuba ayikhwazi, Inokutywina kunye ne-Steam ngengcinezelo ye-3.43 × 10 4 Uxinzelelo lwe-PA 30-60 imizuzu.

2. I-Chromic Acid Ithayi

Inkqubo ye-chromic acid inkqubo iboniswe kwitheyibhile-4. Uhlalutyo loxinzelelo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-oxidation, kwaye i-chromic adhydride iyongezwe ngexesha. Izinto zaseMothodes ze-electrolysis zinokukhokelela, intsimbi, yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo, kwaye owona mda wendawo ye-anode ye-canode yile (5:1)-(10:1). Xa zininzi ii-chromium ezininzi ze-chromium kwisisombululo, Banokufumana i-oxidod ukuya kwi-hexavalent chromium ye-ions ye-electrolysis. Ukuba umxholo we-sulfate kwisisombululo 0.5%, Iziphumo ze-onodic oxiyo azilunganga. Xa i-ion ye-ion inde, I-Barium hydroxide okanye i-Barium Carbonate inokongezwa ukuze yenze i-barium ye-ballium. Umxholo we-chloride kwisisombululo kufuneka ungadlula kwi-0.2g / l. Xa umxholo weChromium kwisisombululo udlula i-70g / l, Isisombululo kufuneka sichithwe okanye sitshintshwe. Zimbini iintlobo zendlela yokutsala i-chromic acid, Indlela yokungathanisi yotshintsho lomjikelo wevolthi (Indlela ye-chromic ekhawulezayo ye-chromic).

3. HARD (ifilimu emnyama) Ukuthambisa

I-Anodising enzima yindlela yenkqubo yokwenza ifilimu emdaka kunye ne-hard oxide kwi-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium alloys. Ubuninzi bobukhulu befilimu obunzima bunokufikelela kwi-250μm, Ubunzulu befilimu eyenziwe kwi-aluminium ecocekileyo yi-12000-15000pa, kwaye i-alloy ibingama-4000-6000ppa, okwenzeka phantse ngokufana ne-chrome ye-chrome enzima, kwaye banxibe ngokuchasene nokuchasa okuphantsi. , I-Porosity yefilimu enzima malunga 20%, ephantsi kuneyona yefilimu yesiqhelo ye-sulfuric acid. Ezinye iinkqubo ezinobushushu ziboniswa kwitheyibhile-7.
Itheyibhile-I-7 Inkqubo enobungozi

Hayi. Iqondo lokushisa le-electrolyte / isidanga sangoku /(A / DM2) Qala kwaye uphele i-voltage / v ixesha / ifilimu yefilimu / μm

qala i-voltage field

1 15% I-Sulfuric Acid + 14- + 4.4 2-2.1 26 120 90 50
2 15% i-boric acid, 4%Na2hc6h8o7o7o7 +60-+70 0.4-0.6 100 300 240 200
3 10% I-Sulfuric Acid + 10 250W / DM2 15-25 80 60 10-130
4 15% I-Sulfuric Acid-1- + 4.5 2-2.5 25-30 40-60 60-240 28-150
5 10% I-Sulfuric Acid + 8- + 10 25 60 60 25-60
6 10%-15% I-Sulfuric Acid0 -+4 5 I-AC 10-12 60-70
Dc 20-24 120-140
7 6%-8% Iimeko ze-atalic acid diderteeds ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-alloy
8 6%-7% I-Sulfuric Acid + 3% -6% yongezwa + 4.5-+18+4.5-+18 1.3-2 10 150 40 65
9 10%-20% I-Sulfuric Acid-6- + 10 30 280 160 115-150
10 10%-15% I-Sulfuric Acid + 8 4 20-25 60 60 55 -80
11 5.5% I-Fomatic Acid, 8% I-OXALINC Acid dishDrate +15-+25 3-6 45 90 100-250

4. I-porcelain engafakwanga

Porcelain I-AlumItheime Alumnum kwaye i-aldinum ye-alding ethathwe kwityuwa yeTetanium, I-zirconium yetyuwa okanye isisombululo se-thorium set ye-ongulalic acid, I-cicric acid kunye ne-boric acid, kwaye i-hydroxide yentsimbi yetyuwa kwisisombululo ingena kwi-pores yefilimu ye-oxide, Ukuze umhlaba mveni ubonakalisa unyango nge-opaque kunye ne-ensel enimel okanye imbonakalo-yeplastiki efana ne-luster ekhethekileyo. Inkqubo ye-porcelain engathandekiyo iyafana neyayo ye-sulfuric acid enethamsanqa. Umahluko kukuba i-vodibeing ye-porcelonin yenziwa kwi-DC ye-DC ye-DC (115-125V) kunye neqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo (50-60 izidanga), kwaye i-electrolyte ihlala ishukunyiswa. , Ihlala ilungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH ukuyenza kuluhlu lwe 1.6-2.

Ukudakumba kunyango

Indlela yokufunda yemichiza inezibonelelo zenkqubo elula, Ulawulo olulula, ukusebenza kakuhle, ixabiso eliphantsi, Izixhobo eziphantsi zotyalo mali, Imibala yombala ebanzi kunye nombala oqaqambileyo. Nangona kunjalo, Iimveliso ezinkulu ezinkulu zithambekele kumbala ongalinganiyo, Kulula ukuyibonisa emva kokucoca, Ukutywinwa ngokungafanelekanga, okanye umonakalo woomatshini. . Ifilimu yekhemikhali ifilimu ye-Alumity ifilimu isekwe kubuchule bokubekwa kwefilimu ye-intican yokufumana i-dys njengemingxunya ye-pibers. Ngokubanzi, Ububanzi befilimu yefilimu yi-0.01-0.03μ`m, kwaye idayi yahlulwe kwiimolekyuli zangaphezulu emanzini, Ngobubanzi be-0.0015-0.00μ00m. Ngexesha lokufaka imibala, Idayi ivunyelwe kumphezulu weepores kwaye ihlupheke kwaye iqokelele iipores. Umaleko we-membrane unomdla kwi-Ionic Bood kunye ne-hydrogen bound, kwaye idayi ilungisiwe kwi-pores emva kokutywinwa.

(1) I-DEyeng nge-organic ye-organic

1. Ukukhetha
I-Dyes Zininzi iintlobo ze-DYES ze-organic , kwaye i-Dyes ikhethiwe ngokwendlela yokusebenzisa eyahlukileyo kunye nenqanaba lemveliso. Umzekelo, I-dambi ye-dat enyibilikayo ibiza kakhulu kwaye inemibala egqwesileyo, Ke ngoko uninzi lwe-Dye lokudaya lweemveliso ze-aluminium eliphezulu ezinjengee-pens zegolide, zilula, kunye nokuva izinto zokuncedisa; I-dys egobile-i-dambis egobileyo isetyenziselwa i-aluminium foil; I-DYES ye-oyile enyibilikayo isetyenziselwa ukuprintwa kwe-aluminium foil. Nyibilikisa i-nitrocellulose ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziselwe i-varniess enje ngecawa, I-vinyl okanye i-polyamide i-residens, okanye kwi-melamimins kunye ne-epoxy ret inyibilikisiwe kwi-varnis yevaliwe. Emva kokuprinta, Ifilimu ye-resin ene-dyes yenziwa kumphezulu we-Aluminium ecocekileyo ye-aluminium. Iindidi zeedayi ezisetyenziselwa i-Dye yokudayisi i-aluminium zibandakanya i-acid dys, I-Acid Des, I-Acid Modent Dyes, I-DYES ngqo, I-Acid Dyed Dyes, Ukusasazeka kwedayi, inyibilika i-dat, I-DYE, I-Dyees esisiseko, I-DYESS inyibilika, I-DYES ye-oyile, njl. .

2. Inkqubo ye-organic yedayi kunye nolawulo

(1) I-monochromatic Dye: Dipha i-I-AutMedity kwaye ihlanjwe ziimveliso ze-aluminium kwisisombululo sedayi kwiqondo elichaziweyo. Ixesha lokudaya lixhomekeke kubunzulu bemibala, kwaye ivolumu yokutyela yedayi yedayi inokulawulwa kumyinge we 10 kwivolumu yemveliso: 1.

(2) Idaye yombala omninzi: Ukuba imibala emibini okanye engaphezulu eyahlukileyo idliwayo kwizinto ze-aluminium, ezinje ngamabala, Iintyatyambo kunye neentaka, imisebenzi, oonobumba, njl., Inkqubo yokuprinta isetyenziswa kakhulu ukugqiba iplate yokuprinta. inguqulelo) kunye nenguqulelo yesikrini, Indlela yokuprinta ngokuthe ngqo, Indlela yokupeyinta i-anti-diye, Indlela yokudaya, njl. inokusetyenziswa. Inkqubo ngokubanzi kukuba emva kokudaya umbala wokuqala, Sebenzisa iphethini yokuprinta ifilimu yokukhusela kwinxalenye efuna ukushiya umbala, kwaye ususe umbala osele, kwaye okwesibini, Isithathu kunye nemibala engaphezulu inokutsalwa ngumfanekiso. I-Dye yokuxinanisa kunye neeMeko zeNkqubo zeDos ze-organic ezahlukeneyo ziboniswe kwitheyibhile-9.

I-DYE yedayi ye-DYE

Alludye Black hbk 8-10 50-60 5.5-6 15-30
Mnyama mbk 8-10 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
Mnyama MRL 10-12 50-60 5.0-6.0 5-30
I-BBK emnyama 10-12 50 -60 5.0-6.0 15-30
Imnyama DG 10 55-60 6.0-7.0 10-30
Mnyama wal 10-12 50-55 6.0-7.0 15-30
Mnyama mlw 8-12 50-60 4.2-4.8 5-30
I-Alludye ibomvu ibomvu i-a 2-5 50-60 5-5.5 5-10
I-D4Bs ebomvu ye-D4B <25 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-10
I-bround binder mb mb 0.5-5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
Bomvu b 2-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
Ibomvu d4b 2 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-sbr ebomvu <3 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-10
I-frb ebomvu 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
I-RB ebomvu 1- 2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
Bomvu 1-2 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
I-Mbes ebomvu enkulu 1-2 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
I-rbl ebomvu 2 55-60 4.5-5.0 5-15
I-PBL ebomvu 2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
I-cfb ebomvu 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-15
I-FPR ebomvu 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
Ibomvu ibomvu kakhulu kakhulu 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Ipinki bn 0.5-5 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-15
I-Alludye purple violet vb <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-furple mfbl <5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-purple rvb <5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
I-Slow Mbb <5 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
I-Burgundedy bl 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
I-Alludye Brown brl brl <2 50-60 4.5-5.0 5-15
I-brown cfa 0.5-2 55-60 4.5-5.5 5-15
I-brown thm 0.5-5 55-60 5.0 -6.0 5-10
BMB BM 0.5-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
Mdaka gl 0.5-5 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
I-brown kbl 1-5 55-60 5.5-6.5 5-15
I-brown brown ag 0.1-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
I-brown brown asg 0.2-2 56-60 4.5-5.0 5-10
Alludye Green Bgln <2 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
Ii-rgs eluhlaza 1-9 55-60 5.0-5.5 5-15
IGreen 5GM <2 50-55 5.0-6.0 5-15
IGreen M6B <2 50-60 5.5-6.0 5-15
I-ABGL eluhlaza <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-DB eluhlaza DB 0.5-2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
I-A3GM eluhlaza 2-5 55-60 6.0- 7.0 5-15
I-Aludye ityheli ye-tyhli fd 0.5-5 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
Imputy yempukane 0.2-5 50-60 5.0-5.5 5-10
I-tyllow drl 0.5-2 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-10
I-rub ephuzi 0.2-2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-DGL ye-DGL 0.2-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
I-tyheli 3rf 0.5-5 55-60 4.5-5.5 5-10
I-Yellow Ybl 0.2-2 50-55 5.0 – 5.5 5-15 Lubhelu
umzukulwana 0.5-2 55-60 5.5-6.5 5-10
I-tyheli 2gl 1-2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-15
I-tyheli gll <2 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-alnw etyheli eqaqambileyo 1-2 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
I-aludye orenge yegolide D2GL 0.1-2 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-15
I-orenji gr 0.1-2 50-55 5.5-6.5 5-10
Igolide g 2 27-60 5.5-6.5 1- 10
I-orenji srl 2-5 50-55 5.5-6.5 1-10
Orenji <2 50-55 4.5-5.5 5-10
I-GNS ye-orenji 0.5-5 50-55 5.5-6.0 5-10
I-Alludye Blue LE KEKE BLULA AB 1-2 50-55 4.5-5.0 5-15
Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 2lw 0.5-2 55 5.5-6.0 5-15
Luhlaza gbl 1-2 50-55 4.5-5.5 5-15
Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 2al 1-2 50-55 4.5 5-15
I-navy blue nbl 1-2 55 5.8 5-15
I-turquoise eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka GB 0.5-2 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-15
I-Alludye Grey Grey MBL 0.5-2 55-60 6.0-7.0 5-10
Grey brl 0.5-1 50-55 6.0-7.0 5-10
Grey 2bl 0.1-1 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-10
Grey abl 0.5-10 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-20
Grey gbl 0.5-2 55-60 5.5-6.0 5-10
Grey va 0.5-1 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-10
Grey g2rc 1-10 55-60 5.0-6.0 5-15
Grey gr 1-10 50-55 5.0-5.5 5-15
Ngwevu Gl 2-5 55-60 6.0-6.5 5-10
Alludye Bronze 2lke 2-5 55-60 4.0- 5.0 5-10