Ibanga le-aluminium nezimpawu
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamabanga wepuleti ye-aluminium ngokuya ngezinto ezihlukile zensimbi eziqukethwe epuletini ye-aluminium, ipuleti ye-aluminium ingahlukaniswa ngokulinganayo 9 Izigaba, leyo, Ingahlukaniswa 9 uchungechunge. Okulandelayo Isingeniso Isinyathelo-Isinyathelo Isingeniso.
1.1000 Uchungechunge lumele 1050 1060 1070 1000 uchungechunge aluminium ipuleti laziwa nangokuthi yipuleti emsulwa ye-aluminium, Phakathi kochungechunge lonke, 1000 Uchungechunge lungoluchungechunge ngokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kakhulu. Ubumsulwa bungafinyelela ngaphezu kwe 99.00%. Ngoba ayiqukethe ezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe, Inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula futhi intengo eshibhile. Kunguchungechunge olusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezijwayelekile njengamanje. Iningi lokujikeleza kwamanje emakethe 1050 futhi 1060 uchungechunge. Okuqukethwe okuncane kwe-aluminium ye 1000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate lunqunywa ngokuya ngezinombolo ezimbili zokugcina zesi-Arabhu. Ngokwesibonelo, izinombolo ezimbili zokugcina zama-arabic ze 1050 Uchungechunge kukhona 50. Ngokusho komgomo wamazwe omhlaba wonke, Okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kumele kufinyelele 99.5% noma ngaphezulu ukuze ufaneleke njengomkhiqizo. I-Aluminium Aluminium Aluminium Alloy Technical (GB / T3880-2006) futhi ichaza ngokusobala ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium 1050 kufanele ifinyelele 99.5%. Ngendlela efanayo, okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium 1060 Ama-Series aluminium amapuleti kufanele afinyelele okungaphezu kwe 99.6%.
2.2000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate lumele 2a16 (Ly16) 2A06 (Ly6) 2000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate lubonakala ngobulukhuni obuphezulu, Phakathi kwalokho okuqukethwe kwethusi kuphakeme kakhulu, maqondana 3-5%. I 2000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate lungelo lwe-Aluminium Aluminium, okungasetshenziswa kaningi ezimbonini ezijwayelekile njengamanje. Okwamanje, Kukhona abakhiqizi abambalwa abakhiqizayo 2000 Uchungechunge lwamashidi we-aluminium ezweni lethu. Ikhwalithi ayikwazi ukuqhathaniswa namazwe aphesheya. Amashidi angeniswe njengamanje angeniswa yi-South Korea nabakhiqizi baseJalimane. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezwe lami le-Aerospace, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza we 2000 Amapuleti we-Aluminium athuthukile azothuthukiswa futhi.
Okuthathu. 3000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate limele 3003 3003 3A21 ikakhulukazi. Ingabizwa futhi ngokuthi ipuleti le-anti-bust aluminium. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye 3000 Uchungechunge lwe-aluminium Plate ezweni lami lihle kakhulu. I 3000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate ikakhulukazi lakhiwa manganese. Okuqukethwe kuphakathi 1.0-1.5. Kuwukuchungechunge ngomsebenzi ongcono wokulwa nokugqwala. Isetshenziswa njalo ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezifana nezimo zomoya, amafriji, futhi ngaphansi, Intengo iphakeme kune 1000. Kuyinto uchungechunge olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-alloy.
Okune. I 4000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate lumelelwe yi-4a01 4000 Uchungechunge lwe-aluminium plate, okungokwakhe uchungechunge ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silicon. Imvamisa okuqukethwe kwe-silicon kuphakathi 4.5-6.0%. Kungokwezinto zokwakha, izingxenye zemishini, Ukwakha izinto, Izinto zokwakha i-Welding; iphuzu eliphansi eliphansi, Ukuchazwa Komkhiqizo Omuhle Ukuqina Komkhiqizo: Inezimpawu zokumelana nokushisa nokuvimbela ukumelana.
5. I 5000 uchungechunge aluminium Ipuleti lingelochungechunge olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-Alloy Aluminium Plate, Into esemqoka yi-magnesium, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-magnesium kuphakathi 3-5%. Kungabizwa nangokuthi i-aluminium-magnesium alloy. Izici eziphambili zingubuningi obuphansi, amandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nokukhula okuphezulu. Endaweni efanayo, Isisindo se-aluminium-magnesium alloy siphansi kunolunye uchungechunge. Ngakho-ke, Imvamisa isetshenziswa ngendiza, njengamathangi wendiza endiza. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni ezijwayelekile. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula buyaqhubeka nokusakaza nokugoqa, okungokwakhe uchungechunge lwamapuleti akwa-aluminium aqashiwe, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula okujulile kwe-oxidation. Ezweni lami, i 5000 Uchungechunge lwe-Aluminium Plate ngolunye lochungechunge oluvuthiwe lwe-aluminium plate.
6. I 6000 Uchungechunge lumele 6061, okuqukethe ikakhulukazi eziqukethe izakhi ezimbili ze-magnesium ne-silicon, Ngakho-ke izinzuzo ze 4000 uchungechunge futhi 5000 Uchungechunge lugxiliwe. 6061 ingumkhiqizo ophoqelelwe opholile we-aluminium, Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokuqina okuphezulu nokumelana ne-oxidation. Ukusebenza okuhle, Izici ezinhle kakhulu ezibonakalayo, Ukuhlanganiswa okulula, ukucubungulwa okuhle. Ingasetshenziswa ezikhali zokucindezela eziphansi nezixhumi zendiza. Izici ezijwayelekile ze 6061: Izici ezinhle kakhulu ezibonakalayo, Ukuhlanganiswa okulula, amandla aphezulu, Ukusebenza okuhle, kanye nokuphikiswa okuqinile kokugqwala. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe 6061 i-aluminium: izingxenye zezindiza, izingxenye zekhamera, couxer, izesekeli zasolwandle kanye nehardware, izesekeli ze-elekthronikhi namalunga, ukuhlobisa noma okuhlukahlukene kwe-Hardware, amakhanda ama-hinge, amakhanda kazibuthe, ama-brake brake, Ama-Pistons we-Hydraulic, izesekeli zikagesi, Ama-valves nezingxenye ze-valve .
Isikhombisa. I 7000 Uchungechunge lumele lokho 7075 ikakhulukazi i-zinc. Kungokwalo ochungechungeni lwendiza. Kuyinto i-aluminium-magnesium-zinc-Copper alloy. Kuyinto ekhokhelwa ukushisa. Kungokwama-Aluminium we-Superhard Aluminium futhi unokuvimbela okuhle. Ubukhulu 7075 I-Aluminium Plate itholwe konke okutholakele, Okungaqinisekisa ukuthi akukho bloisters nokungcola. Ukuthuthuka okuphezulu kwe- 7075 IPlate ye-Aluminium ingafushanisa isikhathi esenziweyo futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi. Isici esikhulu ukuthi ubulukhuni buphakeme. 7075 ubulukhuni obuphezulu, I-Aluminium Alinum Alloy Ephakeme, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinhlaka zezindiza kanye nekusasa. Kudinga izingxenye eziphezulu zengcindezi kanye nokukhiqiza okubumba ngamandla aphezulu kanye nokuphikiswa okuqinile kokugqwala. Okwamanje uthembela ngokungenisa ngaphakathi, Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bezwe lami budinga ukwenziwa ngcono.
8. Okusetshenziswa kakhulu 8000 Uchungechunge lukhona 8011, okungokwalolunye uchungechunge. Ipuleti le-aluminium elisebenza elingakanani ukwenza ama-bottle caps libuye lisetshenziswe kuma-radiator, iningi lazo ama-foil ama-aluminium. Ayisetshenziswa kakhulu.
I-Aluminium ne-Alloys yayo
1. I-aluminium ehlanzekile
I-Aluminium (i-aluminium, i-aluminium) ibonakala ngobuningi obuphansi be-2.72g / cm3, okuvela kuphela 1/3 wobude bensimbi noma ithusi. Ukusebenza okuhle ngogesi nokushisayo, okwesibili ngemuva kwesiliva nethusi. Amakhemikhali e-aluminium asebenza kakhulu. Emoyeni, Ingaphezulu le-aluminium lingahlangana ne-oksijini ukuze wakhe ifilimu elimsulwa elibunyekayo ukuvikela okwengeziwe kwe-aluminium. Ngakho-ke, i-aluminium inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle emoyeni nasemanzini, Kepha i-aluminium ayimelana ne-acid, i-alkali, nokugqwala kukasawoti.
I-Aluminium ine-cubic lattice egxile ebusweni, ubukhulu bangempela (d=50%, ψ=80%), futhi ingaqhutshwa izintambo, amapuleti, imichilo, Amapayipi namanye amaphrofayili ngokusebenza kwengcindezi ebandayo noma eshisayo, kepha amandla awekho aphezulu, ΣB = 80MPA , Ngemuva kokusebenza kubanda, ΣB = (150 ~ 250) I-MPa. Ngakho-ke, I-aluminium emsulwa ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukwenza izintambo, izintambo, abashayilisayo, kanye nezidingo zansuku zonke noma ama-alloys adinga insimbi engagqwali, ukumelana nokugqwala, nezidingo zamandla aphansi.
I-aluminium emsulwa yezimboni (Ukuhlanzeka kwezentengiso aluminium) ayihlanzekile njenge-aluminium emsulwa ngamakhemikhali, Inokungcola okuningi noma okuncane (njengo-fe, Futhi, njll.). Ukungcola okwengeziwe okuqukethwe e-aluminium, ukwehlisa ukuqina kukagesi, conductivity ezishisayo, Ukumelana nokonakala kwezulu nomoya.
Amabanga e-Aluminium e-China amsulwa eChina ahlanganiswe ngokususelwa emikhawulweni yokungcola, njenge-l1, L2, I-L3… L yisiqalo sasePinyin se-Chinese seZwi “i-aluminium”, futhi kukhudlwana inombolo yokulandelana kwayo okunamathiselwe lapho, ukwehlisa ubumsulwa.
2. Ingxube ye-aluminium
Amandla we-aluminium emsulwa aphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ayilungele izinto zokwakheka. Ukuze uthuthukise amandla ayo, Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ukungeza izinto ezengeziwe, njenge-SI, Cu, Mg, UMn, njll., ukwenza i-aluminium alloy (i-aerolite). Lawa ma-aluminium alloys anamandla aphezulu kanye nobukhulu obuphansi, ikakhulukazi amandla athile aphezulu (leyo, isilinganiso somkhawulo wamandla kuya kokuminyana) kanye nokuvuselelwa okuhle okushisayo kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.
(1) Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-aluminium alloys
Ngokusho kokwakheka kanye nezici zenqubo yokukhiqiza yama-alloys e-aluminium, Ama-Aluminium Alloys angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-alloys e-aluminium akhubazekile kanye nama-alloys e-cast aluminium.
Kungabonakala esimweni sokuthi lapho i-alloy enokwakheka okungaphansi kwe-D / iphuzu lingakha isakhiwo solukhuni esiqinile sesigaba esisodwa lapho kufudunyezwa, Ine-plastiki enhle futhi ilungele ukucubungula ingcindezi, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-aluminium alloy ekhubazekile. Uma ukwakheka kwe-aluminium alloy ekhubazekile kungaphansi kwephuzu le-F, Ukwakheka kwesixazululo saso esiqinile akuguquki ngoshintsho lokushisa, Ngoba angeke iqiniswe ukwelashwa kokushisa, ibizwa ngokuthi i-aluminium alloy engeke iqiniswe ukwelashwa kokushisa; ukwakheka kwe-alloy phakathi kwe-F no-D /, Ukuhlanganiswa kwayo okuqinile kushintsha ngoshintsho lokushisa, ngakho-ke kungaqiniswa ukwelashwa kokushisa, Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-aluminium alloy engaqiniswa ukwelashwa kokushisa. Ama-alloys anokwakheka okukhulu kune-D / iphuzu anesakhiwo se-eutectic ephansi, uketshezi oluhle, futhi zilungele ukusakaza. Babizwa ngokuthi ama-aluminium alloys, Kepha azifanele ukucubungula ingcindezi.
Ama-Aluminium Alloys abonakalayo nawo angahlukaniswa nge-antirust aluminium, ingquza, I-Super Duralumin futhi yenziwe i-aluminium ngokuya ngezimpawu zokusebenza zazo eziphambili.
Ama-aluminium alloys nawo angahlukaniswa: Al-yebo, Al-C, Al-mg, Al-zn, njll. Ngokusho kwezinto eziphambili ze-alloy.
(2) Izici zokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-aluminium alloy
I-Aluminium Alloy ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa amandla ayo kuphela ngokusebenza kanzima komsebenzi wokuqina, Kepha futhi uphinde uthuthukise amandla awo ngokwelashwa kokushisa – “iminyaka yobudala” indlela.
Indlela yokwelapha ukushisa ye-aluminium alloy ihlukile kuneyensimbi. Ngemva kokuphothula, Ubulukhuni namandla okukhuphuka kwensimbi ngokushesha, kuyilapho ipulasitiki iyancipha. Nokho, I-aluminium alloy ukwakheka kwawo okuphakathi kwe-F no-D / kufuthelwe esifundeni sesigaba se-α, kugcinwe kufudumele, kanye nokuphoqelelwa kwamanzi futhi kucishiwe, kanye nesixazululo esiqinile se-α esinamandla singatholakala emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Amandla nobulukhuni akunakunyuswa ngokushesha, kepha i-plasticity yathuthukiswa kakhulu. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukucisha noma ukwelashwa kwesixazululo. Kusukela isixazululo esiqinile esinamandla esitholwe ngemuva kokuquleka kungazinzile, kukhona ukuthambekela kokucacisa isigaba sesibili (isigaba sokuqinisa). Lapho ibekwa emazingeni okushisa egumbi isikhathi esithile noma eshukumise emazingeni okushisa aphansi, Ama-athomu anamandla okuhamba ethangeni futhi kancane kancane aguqule esimweni esizinzile, okuholele ekwandeni okukhulu kwamandla nobulukhuni kanye nokwehla kweplastiki. Isimo se-alloy ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kokwelashwa kwesixazululo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi “Ukuqiniswa Kobudala” noma “iminyaka yobudala”. Ukuguga emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni kubizwa ngokuthi ukuguga kwemvelo, Futhi ukuguga ngaphansi kokushisa kubizwa ngokuthi ukufika kokufakelwa.
(3) I-Aluminium Alloy ekhubazekile
1. I-Anti-Rust aluminium alloy
Izakhi eziyinhloko ze-alloying yi-Mn ne-Mg. Lolu hlobo lwe-alloy luyisixazululo esiqinile sesigaba esisodwa ngemuva kokukhipha nokukhulisa, Ngakho-ke inokumelana kahle nokugqwala okuhle nokukhanya okuhle kweplastiki. Njenge-LF5, LF11, LF21, njll. Lolu hlobo lwe-alloy lusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukugoqa, ukushisela, noma izingxenye ezazingamelana nezakhiwo ezilwa nokugqwala okunemithwalo emincane, njengamathangi kaphethiloli, isihe, izintambo, amathambo alayishwe ukukhanya, kanye nemishini ehlukahlukene yokuphila.
Zonke izinhlobo ze-antirust aluminium alloys yi-aluminium alloys engeke iqiniswe ukwelashwa kokushisa. Ukwandisa amandla we-alloy, Ingacutshungulwa ngokucindezela okubandayo, okungakhiqiza ukuqina komsebenzi.
2. Ingxube ye-aluminium eqinile
I-Duraluminium ngokuyisisekelo yi-Al-Cu-MG Alloy futhi iqukethe inani elincane le-MN. Zonke izinhlobo ze-Douraluminium zingakhula ziqiniswe, kodwa ukumelana nokugqwala kwabo kubi, ikakhulukazi emanzini olwandle, Ngakho-ke izingxenye ezivikelekile ze-Dourluminium ziyadingeka ngaphandle kwayo zimbozwe ngengqimba ye-aluminium ebuhlungu kakhulu ukwenza i-aluminium-clad eDuralumin.
Amabanga anzima we-aluminium asebenzisa isiqalo sePinyin Chinese “LY” kwe “I-Aluminium Hard” nenombolo yokulandelana, njenge-LY1 (i-rivet aluminium eqinile), I-LY11 (i-aluminium eqinile ejwayelekile) kanye ne-LY12 (i-aluminium eqinile enamandla aphezulu).
I-Duralumin iyinto ehlelekile enamandla athile aphezulu, futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yezindiza kanye nokukhiqiza insimbi.
3. Super hard aluminium alloy (SD ingxubevange)
Yi-al-cu-mg-zn alloy, eyenziwe ngokungeza i-ZN ngesisekelo seDuralumin. Lolu hlobo lwe-Alloy njengamanje luyi-aluminium alloy enamandla anamandla aphezulu aphezulu, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngeSuper Duralumin. Ububi bukhona nokuthi ukumelana nokugqwala kumpofu kakhulu, Futhi izinga lokushisa lokuguga lokufakelwa lingandiswa noma i-aluminium ingagqokwa.
Ibanga le-aluminium ye-aluminium ye-superhard liboniswa isiqalo sasePinyin Chinese “LC” kwe “Al Chao” kanye nenombolo ye-serial. Njenge-LC4, I-LC6, njll., zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhiqiza izakhi ezibalulekile ngengcindezi ephezulu, njengezindiza zezindiza.
4. Yenza i-aluminium alloy
Kuyinto i-al-cu-mg-si alloy. Yize kunezinhlobo eziningi zezakhi ze-alloy, okuqukethwe kwento ngayinye kuncane, Ngakho-ke inobuhlakani obuhle bokumelana nokugqwala kokugqwala, namandla alo aqhathaniswa nalokho kweDuralumin. Amandla angandiswa ngemuva kokucisha nokuguga.
Ibanga le-Aluminium Alloy elisetshenzisiwe liboniswa isiqalo sePinyin Chinese “LD” kwe “I-Aluminium Ebonisa” kanye nenombolo yokulandelana, njenge LD5, LD7, njll. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle, Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuzothingela izikhombisi ezithwala umthwalo osindayo ezindizeni noma ku-diesel locomotives.
(4) cast aluminium alloy (cast aluminium alloy)
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cast aluminium alloys. Phakathi kwazo, I-Aluminium-Silicon Alloys inezakhiwo ezinhle zokuphonsa, amandla anele, kanye nokuminyana okuphansi, futhi yizo ezisetshenziswa kabanzi, accounting for more than 50% kokukhishwa okuphelele kwama-aluminium alloys. Futhi (10-13)% I-Al-Si Alloy iyi-alloy ejwayelekile evamile ye-aluminium-silicon, okungokwakheka kwe-eutectic, futhi kuvame ukubizwa “silicon aluminium alloy”.
Ibanga le-Aluminium Alloy limelelwa isiqalo sePinyin Chinese ye “Zhu” + Al + ezinye izimpawu zento enkulu kanye namaphesenti aqukethwe. Ngokwesibonelo, I-Zalsi12 imele i-alloy ye-alp-si iqukethe 12% Futhi. Igama lekhodi le-alloy limelelwa isiqalo sePinyin Chinese “ZL” kwe “i-aluminium” kanye namadijithi amathathu. Idijithi yokuqala ikhombisa isigaba se-alloy, kanti amadijithi wesibili neyesithathu akhombisa inombolo ye-serial ye-alloy. Isibonelo ZL102 amelele cha. 2 Al-Si Cast cast aluminium alloy.
I-Cast Aluminium Alloys ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ngesisindo esikhanyayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, amajamo ayinkimbinkimbi kanye nezakhiwo ezithile zemishini.